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<p>Non-productive oil palm trunks (OPT), rich in starch and cellulose, are promising raw materials for bioethanol production. Effective pretreatment is essential to optimize the cellulose-to-lignin ratio, facilitating hydrolysis. This study investigates the delignification efficiency of natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) on OPT, focusing on the impact of different hydrogen donors. The treated biomass was analyzed using FTIR, SEM, and XRD, confirming the effectiveness of these NaDES in lignin degradation.&#xa0;The novel tailored DES formulation have&#xa0;enhanced&#xa0;interactions with OPT’s lignin-rich structure, optimizing delignification and unlocking its potential as a renewable feedstock.&#xa0;Using a 1:2 ratio of hydrogen bond acceptor to donor and maintaining consistent reaction conditions, betaine/lactic acid and betaine/glycerol NaDES achieved optimal delignification, reducing lignin by 26.73% and 26.46%, respectively, at 100&#xa0;°C for 2&#xa0;h. The results demonstrated that both betaine/lactic acid and betaine/glycerol, are natural solvent with significant potential for breaking down lignin in non-productive oil palm trunks. The findings suggest that betaine-based NaDES are promising for enhancing bioethanol production from oil palm trunks through efficient delignification.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Oil Palm Trunks as Raw Material for Bioethanol Production: A Study on the Delignification Efficiency of Betaine-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月22日

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  • Nuur Faridatun Hasanah,
  • Muhammad Arif Darmawan,
  • Muryanto,
  • Aminuddin,
  • Hismiati Bahua,
  • Herman Hidayat,
  • Dadang Rosadi,
  • Kharis Yohan Abidin,
  • Molina Indah Pradiva,
  • Mochamad Rosjidi

摘要

Non-productive oil palm trunks (OPT), rich in starch and cellulose, are promising raw materials for bioethanol production. Effective pretreatment is essential to optimize the cellulose-to-lignin ratio, facilitating hydrolysis. This study investigates the delignification efficiency of natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) on OPT, focusing on the impact of different hydrogen donors. The treated biomass was analyzed using FTIR, SEM, and XRD, confirming the effectiveness of these NaDES in lignin degradation. The novel tailored DES formulation have enhanced interactions with OPT’s lignin-rich structure, optimizing delignification and unlocking its potential as a renewable feedstock. Using a 1:2 ratio of hydrogen bond acceptor to donor and maintaining consistent reaction conditions, betaine/lactic acid and betaine/glycerol NaDES achieved optimal delignification, reducing lignin by 26.73% and 26.46%, respectively, at 100 °C for 2 h. The results demonstrated that both betaine/lactic acid and betaine/glycerol, are natural solvent with significant potential for breaking down lignin in non-productive oil palm trunks. The findings suggest that betaine-based NaDES are promising for enhancing bioethanol production from oil palm trunks through efficient delignification.

Graphical Abstract