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Purpose <p>The objective of this study was to determine the total phenolic content and to evaluate the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of leaf, stem, and flower extracts of <i>A. conyzoides</i> to increase the benefits of this weed plant.</p> Methods <p><i>A. conyzoides</i> was extracted using 70% and 100% ethanol by maceration. The extract was evaluated using DPPH and β-carotene bleaching assay for its antioxidant properties, disk diffusion method for its antibacterial properties, and α-glucosidase inhibitor assay for its antidiabetic properties. Total phenolic content was performed using the Follin Ciocalteau method. The extract was characterized by FTIR and LC-HRMS for its phytochemical constituents.</p> Results <p>The ethanol 70% extract of <i>A. conyzoides</i>stem had the highest phenolic content (114.07 ± 1.27&#xa0;mg GAE/g). The highest antioxidant activity was observed from the ethanol 70% extract of <i>A. conyzoides</i> flower (IC<sub>50</sub> = 391.88 ppm). Meanwhile, the highest antidiabetic activity (71.91%) was obtained from ethanol 70% extract of <i>A. conyzoides</i>stem measured at 1000 ppm. The total phenolic content was consistent with this result, with the 70% ethanol extract of <i>A. conyzoides</i> stem having the highest total phenolic content. Moreover, all extracts showed good antibacterial activities against <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, and <i>S. typhimurium</i>, <i> which were</i> tested using the agar disc diffusion method. <i>A. conyzoides</i>extracts were found to contain phenolic compounds as evidenced by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, identifying metabolites through liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) suggested various phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, in <i>A. conyzoides</i>extracts of leaf, stem, and flower.</p> Conclusions <p>In summary, the leaf, stem, and flower extracts of <i>A. conyzoides</i> are potential natural antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial agents in pharmaceutical and functional food industries.</p>

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In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antidiabetes of Billygoat weed Leaves, Stem, and Flower (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Concurrent with its Phytochemical Constituents

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月6日

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  • Anjar Windarsih,
  • Muhammad F. F. Ahla,
  • Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih,
  • Suratno,
  • Eka Noviana,
  • Debu Kumar Bhattacharjya,
  • Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty

摘要

Purpose

The objective of this study was to determine the total phenolic content and to evaluate the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of leaf, stem, and flower extracts of A. conyzoides to increase the benefits of this weed plant.

Methods

A. conyzoides was extracted using 70% and 100% ethanol by maceration. The extract was evaluated using DPPH and β-carotene bleaching assay for its antioxidant properties, disk diffusion method for its antibacterial properties, and α-glucosidase inhibitor assay for its antidiabetic properties. Total phenolic content was performed using the Follin Ciocalteau method. The extract was characterized by FTIR and LC-HRMS for its phytochemical constituents.

Results

The ethanol 70% extract of A. conyzoidesstem had the highest phenolic content (114.07 ± 1.27 mg GAE/g). The highest antioxidant activity was observed from the ethanol 70% extract of A. conyzoides flower (IC50 = 391.88 ppm). Meanwhile, the highest antidiabetic activity (71.91%) was obtained from ethanol 70% extract of A. conyzoidesstem measured at 1000 ppm. The total phenolic content was consistent with this result, with the 70% ethanol extract of A. conyzoides stem having the highest total phenolic content. Moreover, all extracts showed good antibacterial activities against S. aureus, E. coli, and S. typhimurium, which were tested using the agar disc diffusion method. A. conyzoidesextracts were found to contain phenolic compounds as evidenced by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, identifying metabolites through liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) suggested various phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, in A. conyzoidesextracts of leaf, stem, and flower.

Conclusions

In summary, the leaf, stem, and flower extracts of A. conyzoides are potential natural antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial agents in pharmaceutical and functional food industries.