Scholarlink

<p>Biorefineries are essential for meeting chemical, and material demands, energy security, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development. Paper and pulp industries and bioethanol production facilities produce lignin-containing black liquor as a by-product. However, most of this black liquor is underutilised. In this study, an investigation was done to upgrade the wheat straw-extracted black liquor into high-valued biochemicals over a metal-impregnated zeolite catalyst using the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process. Six different HTL experiments were performed with and without copper impregnation on the HZM-5 catalyst by changing temperature between 200 and300&#xa0;°C at an optimized residence time of 3&#xa0;h. The balanced acid sites of copper-modified HZSM-5 are the primary rationale for this research. GC–MS, FT-IR and NMR analysis confirmed that the bio-oil produced contains mainly phenols, carboxylic acids, guaiacol catechol. It was also observed that by copper impregnation, the selectivity of producing biochemicals guaiacol and catechol were considerably increased to 86.7% and 13.3% from 66.86% and 8.65% respectively. A detailed reaction pathway was proposed for the&#xa0;hydrothermal liquefaction of wheat straw black liquor from product analysis.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Wheat Straw Black Liquor: Product Analysis and Reaction Pathways

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月17日

查看全文
  • Subhrajeet Dash,
  • Anjireddy Bhavanam,
  • Poonam Gera

摘要

Biorefineries are essential for meeting chemical, and material demands, energy security, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development. Paper and pulp industries and bioethanol production facilities produce lignin-containing black liquor as a by-product. However, most of this black liquor is underutilised. In this study, an investigation was done to upgrade the wheat straw-extracted black liquor into high-valued biochemicals over a metal-impregnated zeolite catalyst using the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process. Six different HTL experiments were performed with and without copper impregnation on the HZM-5 catalyst by changing temperature between 200 and300 °C at an optimized residence time of 3 h. The balanced acid sites of copper-modified HZSM-5 are the primary rationale for this research. GC–MS, FT-IR and NMR analysis confirmed that the bio-oil produced contains mainly phenols, carboxylic acids, guaiacol catechol. It was also observed that by copper impregnation, the selectivity of producing biochemicals guaiacol and catechol were considerably increased to 86.7% and 13.3% from 66.86% and 8.65% respectively. A detailed reaction pathway was proposed for the hydrothermal liquefaction of wheat straw black liquor from product analysis.

Graphical Abstract