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<p>We are reporting the results of a detailed experimental investigation on concentration and ambient temperature dependence of SBSL in sulfuric acid (SA) solutions for the first time. Our results indicate that SBSL intensity in SA increases or decreases with temperature is depended on whether the acid concentration is higher or lower than a threshold value. For SA concentrations below 65&#xa0;wt%, SBSL emission decreases as ambient temperature increases similar to SBSL in water while for concentrations 65&#xa0;wt% and above, SBSL emission intensity increases with temperature showing a completely opposite behavior. Moreover, at lower concentrations, bubbles become unstable at higher temperatures, while at higher concentrations, bubbles become unstable at lower temperatures. Overall, the highest intensity was observed for 85&#xa0;wt% SA solution at 35°C although the highest photon count as well as visually brightest bubbles were observed for 98&#xa0;wt% SA solution at 40°C. Further, Argon emission lines were observed for all the concentrations of SA above 50&#xa0;wt%. Although our experimental results are in agreement with general behavior of SBSL in SA as predicted by theoretical investigations, for 50&#xa0;wt% concentration SA solutions, it was observed that SBSL is not temperature independent as theoretically predicted.</p>

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Concentration and temperature dependance of single bubble sonoluminescence in sulfuric acid solutions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Prabhath Herath,
  • Asiri Nanayakkara

摘要

We are reporting the results of a detailed experimental investigation on concentration and ambient temperature dependence of SBSL in sulfuric acid (SA) solutions for the first time. Our results indicate that SBSL intensity in SA increases or decreases with temperature is depended on whether the acid concentration is higher or lower than a threshold value. For SA concentrations below 65 wt%, SBSL emission decreases as ambient temperature increases similar to SBSL in water while for concentrations 65 wt% and above, SBSL emission intensity increases with temperature showing a completely opposite behavior. Moreover, at lower concentrations, bubbles become unstable at higher temperatures, while at higher concentrations, bubbles become unstable at lower temperatures. Overall, the highest intensity was observed for 85 wt% SA solution at 35°C although the highest photon count as well as visually brightest bubbles were observed for 98 wt% SA solution at 40°C. Further, Argon emission lines were observed for all the concentrations of SA above 50 wt%. Although our experimental results are in agreement with general behavior of SBSL in SA as predicted by theoretical investigations, for 50 wt% concentration SA solutions, it was observed that SBSL is not temperature independent as theoretically predicted.