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<p>The anomalous disappearance of traditional magic numbers and the onset of deformation in neutron-rich nuclei near N = 20 define the so-called island of inversion (IOI), a region marked by strong configuration mixing and intruder-state dominance. In this study, we examine the structural evolution of even-even isotopes of Ne, Mg, and Si within and around the IOI to assess the performance of various shell-model spaces, effective interactions, and mean-field frameworks in describing shell-gap erosion and restoration. Large-scale shell model calculations are carried out within the <i>sd</i>-shell using USDA, USDB, and USDC interactions, and in a truncated no-core <i>spsdpf</i>-shell model space using the FSU interaction, which includes central, spin–orbit, and tensor components. Complementary Hartree–Fock plus BCS (HF + BCS) calculations are performed using the Skyrme SLy5 interaction, both with and without tensor terms. Key observables such as excitation energies, B(E2) transition rates, two-neutron separation energies, single-particle level evolution, and C2 form factors are analyzed. Notably, the FSU interaction reproduces the experimental E(2<sup>+</sup><sub>1</sub>) energy of <sup>34</sup>Si with a relative deviation of only 4.15%, underscoring its accuracy in capturing shell evolution near the boundary of the IOI. The results demonstrate that extended model spaces and tensor-enhanced mean-field interactions are essential to describe the breakdown of magicity and emergence of collectivity in this region .</p>

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Nuclear structure of even-even Ne, Mg, and Si isotopes in the island of inversion using the FSU interaction with intruder-state mixing and the HF + BCS method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月6日

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  • Ali A. Alzubadi,
  • Luay F. Sultan

摘要

The anomalous disappearance of traditional magic numbers and the onset of deformation in neutron-rich nuclei near N = 20 define the so-called island of inversion (IOI), a region marked by strong configuration mixing and intruder-state dominance. In this study, we examine the structural evolution of even-even isotopes of Ne, Mg, and Si within and around the IOI to assess the performance of various shell-model spaces, effective interactions, and mean-field frameworks in describing shell-gap erosion and restoration. Large-scale shell model calculations are carried out within the sd-shell using USDA, USDB, and USDC interactions, and in a truncated no-core spsdpf-shell model space using the FSU interaction, which includes central, spin–orbit, and tensor components. Complementary Hartree–Fock plus BCS (HF + BCS) calculations are performed using the Skyrme SLy5 interaction, both with and without tensor terms. Key observables such as excitation energies, B(E2) transition rates, two-neutron separation energies, single-particle level evolution, and C2 form factors are analyzed. Notably, the FSU interaction reproduces the experimental E(2+1) energy of 34Si with a relative deviation of only 4.15%, underscoring its accuracy in capturing shell evolution near the boundary of the IOI. The results demonstrate that extended model spaces and tensor-enhanced mean-field interactions are essential to describe the breakdown of magicity and emergence of collectivity in this region .