<p>This study examines a time-dependent surface Hamiltonian for the 3D compound samarium hexaboride utilizing the slave boson (SB) protocol within the periodic Anderson model framework. The issue of significant on-site electron–electron repulsion is reframed as a holonomic constraint involving a term ‘<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12648_2025_3589_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\left|b\right|}^{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <mi>b</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>’ representing the spatially-independent SB-condensate. Our investigation demonstrates the potential for achieving the quantum anomalous Hall state via normal incidence of circularly polarized light (CPL) on the compound’s surface, leveraging Floquet theory in the high-frequency limit. The incidence of CPL disrupts time reversal symmetry due to the emergence of a pseudo-magnetic field. Our findings also indicate that CPL intensity modulation facilitates state transitions. For dimensionless intensities at or below unity, the formation of a conducting surface state is facilitated by gap closure and the partial filling of the conduction band. On the other hand, intensities above unity lead to the creation of a band gap and an integer Chern number, thereby meeting the necessary conditions for quantum anomalous Hall states and showcasing the ability to regulate topological states through intensity control. Both right-handed and left-handed CPL exhibit a Chern number of unity, with the value of ‘<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12648_2025_3589_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\left|b\right|}^{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <mi>b</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>’ (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12648_2025_3589_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sim 0.71)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>∼</mo> <mn>0.71</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> being moderately affected by incident radiation intensity.</p>

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Quantum anomalous Hall effect induced by circularly polarized light on samarium hexaboride surface

  • Udai Prakash Tyagi,
  • Partha Goswami

摘要

This study examines a time-dependent surface Hamiltonian for the 3D compound samarium hexaboride utilizing the slave boson (SB) protocol within the periodic Anderson model framework. The issue of significant on-site electron–electron repulsion is reframed as a holonomic constraint involving a term ‘ \({\left|b\right|}^{2}\) b 2 ’ representing the spatially-independent SB-condensate. Our investigation demonstrates the potential for achieving the quantum anomalous Hall state via normal incidence of circularly polarized light (CPL) on the compound’s surface, leveraging Floquet theory in the high-frequency limit. The incidence of CPL disrupts time reversal symmetry due to the emergence of a pseudo-magnetic field. Our findings also indicate that CPL intensity modulation facilitates state transitions. For dimensionless intensities at or below unity, the formation of a conducting surface state is facilitated by gap closure and the partial filling of the conduction band. On the other hand, intensities above unity lead to the creation of a band gap and an integer Chern number, thereby meeting the necessary conditions for quantum anomalous Hall states and showcasing the ability to regulate topological states through intensity control. Both right-handed and left-handed CPL exhibit a Chern number of unity, with the value of ‘ \({\left|b\right|}^{2}\) b 2 ’ ( \(\sim 0.71)\) 0.71 ) being moderately affected by incident radiation intensity.