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<p>Rationality is a widely accepted assumption in psychology and economics, but there is limited understanding of its elements. This study uses an experimental methodology, the beauty contest game, and extends it to a newly designed cheating contest game to distinguish rationality into optimality and consistency. The experiment consists of seven rounds. We include <i>N</i> = 52 participants. The results show that (1) human rationality is comprised of optimality and consistency, and (2) optimality is the dominant notion. In conclusion, we observe a dualism of rationality. This study provides insight into the elements of rationality and can guide future research in psychology and economic sciences.</p>

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Dualism of Rationality: Evidence from a New Guessing Game

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Bodo Herzog,
  • Stefanie Schnee

摘要

Rationality is a widely accepted assumption in psychology and economics, but there is limited understanding of its elements. This study uses an experimental methodology, the beauty contest game, and extends it to a newly designed cheating contest game to distinguish rationality into optimality and consistency. The experiment consists of seven rounds. We include N = 52 participants. The results show that (1) human rationality is comprised of optimality and consistency, and (2) optimality is the dominant notion. In conclusion, we observe a dualism of rationality. This study provides insight into the elements of rationality and can guide future research in psychology and economic sciences.