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<p>This study investigated the nematode population in 140 commercial banana plants in Tamil Nadu, India, focusing on identifying the most common plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) associated with bananas. The prevalent nematode species were <i>P. coffeae</i>, <i>M. incognita</i>, <i>H. multicinctus</i> in major banana belts. Morphological characteristics were employed to describe the plant parasitic nematode <i>P. coffeae</i>, revealing features such as flat lips, a thin stylet with well-developed knobs, and an esophagus that ventrally overlapped the intestine. <i>Meloidogyne incognita</i> exhibited a lengthy vermiform appearance in the male nematode, while the spiral nematode <i>Helicotylenchus sp</i>. displayed a hemispherical lip with conspicuous, broad stylet knobs. These nematodes were found throughout the sample areas, leading to gall formation and necrotic lesions on the surface and cortical tissues of banana roots. The highest prevalence rates were recorded for <i>H. multicinctus</i> (70.4%), <i>M. incognita</i> (61.1%), and <i>P. coffeae</i> (55%) in the Namakkal, Dindigul, and Thanjavur regions, respectively. The frequency distribution of <i>M. incognita</i> significantly exceeded that of <i>P. coffeae</i> and <i>H. multicinctus</i>, suggesting its role in gall formation within the cortical tissues and root surface. Species-specific primers PC11LUSF and PC11LUSR were utilized to amplify a 789-base-pair product of <i>Pratylenchus</i> species through PCR. Additionally, the 18&#xa0;S rRNA gene sequences of <i>Meloidogyne</i> and <i>Helicotylenchus</i> species were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the monophyletic nature of <i>M. incognita</i>, clustered with other <i>Meloidogyne</i> species originating from Brazil, China, Australia, Taiwan, and India. This study contributes to a better understanding of the prevalence, distribution, and genetic characteristics of economically significant nematodes affecting banana crops in Tamil Nadu.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Epidemiology and molecular characterization of plant parasitic nematodes from major banana growing regions in Tamil Nadu, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Tharani Gunasekaran,
  • Alagarsamy Alagesan,
  • Subramanian Manivannan,
  • Jayaraju Jeyasree,
  • Muruganandam Siva

摘要

This study investigated the nematode population in 140 commercial banana plants in Tamil Nadu, India, focusing on identifying the most common plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) associated with bananas. The prevalent nematode species were P. coffeae, M. incognita, H. multicinctus in major banana belts. Morphological characteristics were employed to describe the plant parasitic nematode P. coffeae, revealing features such as flat lips, a thin stylet with well-developed knobs, and an esophagus that ventrally overlapped the intestine. Meloidogyne incognita exhibited a lengthy vermiform appearance in the male nematode, while the spiral nematode Helicotylenchus sp. displayed a hemispherical lip with conspicuous, broad stylet knobs. These nematodes were found throughout the sample areas, leading to gall formation and necrotic lesions on the surface and cortical tissues of banana roots. The highest prevalence rates were recorded for H. multicinctus (70.4%), M. incognita (61.1%), and P. coffeae (55%) in the Namakkal, Dindigul, and Thanjavur regions, respectively. The frequency distribution of M. incognita significantly exceeded that of P. coffeae and H. multicinctus, suggesting its role in gall formation within the cortical tissues and root surface. Species-specific primers PC11LUSF and PC11LUSR were utilized to amplify a 789-base-pair product of Pratylenchus species through PCR. Additionally, the 18 S rRNA gene sequences of Meloidogyne and Helicotylenchus species were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the monophyletic nature of M. incognita, clustered with other Meloidogyne species originating from Brazil, China, Australia, Taiwan, and India. This study contributes to a better understanding of the prevalence, distribution, and genetic characteristics of economically significant nematodes affecting banana crops in Tamil Nadu.

Graphical abstract