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<p>Biocomposite materials are researched largely under various backgrounds because of their less dense, affordable, corrosive resistance, better strength features. The present study focuses on the development and characterization of a novel bio-composite reinforced with surface-modified jute fiber and pectin biopolymer derived from apple pomace, aimed at enhancing mechanical, tribological, moisture resistance, and flammability properties. This work addresses a key research gap by investigating the effect of 30-day service temperature conditioned silane-treated bio-based composites, a topic with limited prior studies. Pectin was extracted from industrial apple pomace using citric acid-assisted hydrolysis and was further processed via acetone precipitation and oven drying. Both jute fiber and pectin particles were surface-modified using a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) solution to improve interfacial bonding and reduce service temperature induced degradation. Composites were fabricated using the hand layup technique, followed by room-temperature curing and post-curing. Among the unaged specimens, those containing 3 vol.% pectin demonstrated the highest tensile (149&#xa0;MPa) and flexural strength (162&#xa0;MPa), while the composite with 5 vol.% pectin exhibited the lowest wear rate (0.018 mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm), water absorption (0.001%), and flame propagation speed (5.53&#xa0;mm/min). After service temperature condition of 50&#xa0;°C for 30&#xa0;days, silane-modified composites showed only marginal reductions in performance. For instance, tensile strength in aged specimen V22 reduced from 112 to 104&#xa0;MPa, while water absorption in V25 increased only slightly from 0.001% to 0.009%, and wear rate rose from 0.018 mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm to 0.020 mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm, confirming the protective effect of silane treatment. Further, the developed silane-modified jute/pectin biocomposites are suitable for lightweight semi-structural and tribological components used in automotive interior panels, door trims, under-hood secondary parts, consumer product housings, and building interior elements, where moderate load-bearing capacity, low wear, moisture resistance, and flame retardancy under prolonged service temperatures of around 50&#xa0;°C are required. Additionally, the use of apple pomace–derived pectin enables sustainable materials for eco-friendly panels, packaging supports, and interior structural inserts by valorizing agro-industrial waste while maintaining durability during long-term thermal exposure.</p>

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Failure and Prevention Analysis of Silane-treated Jute Fiber and Apple Pomace Pectin-reinforced Vinyl Ester Composite under Service Temperature Condition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • T. Hariharan,
  • Krishnaveni A,
  • R. Santhana Krishnan,
  • S. Naveen

摘要

Biocomposite materials are researched largely under various backgrounds because of their less dense, affordable, corrosive resistance, better strength features. The present study focuses on the development and characterization of a novel bio-composite reinforced with surface-modified jute fiber and pectin biopolymer derived from apple pomace, aimed at enhancing mechanical, tribological, moisture resistance, and flammability properties. This work addresses a key research gap by investigating the effect of 30-day service temperature conditioned silane-treated bio-based composites, a topic with limited prior studies. Pectin was extracted from industrial apple pomace using citric acid-assisted hydrolysis and was further processed via acetone precipitation and oven drying. Both jute fiber and pectin particles were surface-modified using a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) solution to improve interfacial bonding and reduce service temperature induced degradation. Composites were fabricated using the hand layup technique, followed by room-temperature curing and post-curing. Among the unaged specimens, those containing 3 vol.% pectin demonstrated the highest tensile (149 MPa) and flexural strength (162 MPa), while the composite with 5 vol.% pectin exhibited the lowest wear rate (0.018 mm3/Nm), water absorption (0.001%), and flame propagation speed (5.53 mm/min). After service temperature condition of 50 °C for 30 days, silane-modified composites showed only marginal reductions in performance. For instance, tensile strength in aged specimen V22 reduced from 112 to 104 MPa, while water absorption in V25 increased only slightly from 0.001% to 0.009%, and wear rate rose from 0.018 mm3/Nm to 0.020 mm3/Nm, confirming the protective effect of silane treatment. Further, the developed silane-modified jute/pectin biocomposites are suitable for lightweight semi-structural and tribological components used in automotive interior panels, door trims, under-hood secondary parts, consumer product housings, and building interior elements, where moderate load-bearing capacity, low wear, moisture resistance, and flame retardancy under prolonged service temperatures of around 50 °C are required. Additionally, the use of apple pomace–derived pectin enables sustainable materials for eco-friendly panels, packaging supports, and interior structural inserts by valorizing agro-industrial waste while maintaining durability during long-term thermal exposure.