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<p>In this work, we systematically investigated the influence of solvent viscosity on the synthesis, structural properties, and optoelectronic behavior of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs prepared by PLAL. Two distinct liquid environments were selected: Deionized water, characterized by low viscosity, and glycerol, which operates under high viscosity. We analyzed how fluid viscosity affects the morphology, crystallinity, optical response, and device performance of NP. XRD, TEM, and FE-SEM structural and morphological data demonstrate that water-based synthesis facilitates the formation of smaller, anatase-type TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. In contrast, glycerol significantly enlarges the NP size and promotes the coexistence of anatase and rutile phases, as well as aggregates, due to lower cooling rates. Optical data reveal a blue shift in the absorption edge and a larger band gap, measuring 3.76 eV and 3.54 eV, respectively, for NPs derived from Deionized water and glycerol. The NPs were used to fabricate an Al/TiO<sub>2</sub>/n-Si heterojunction for photodetection studies, showing better performance for glycerol-based NPs, with responsivity measured at 0.185 A/W at 380 nm, a detectivity of 6.24 × 10 <sup>11</sup> Jones in the UV range, and an external quantum efficiency exceeding 60%. Thus, this work highlights the importance of solvent viscosity in tailoring NP features and optimizing TiO<sub>2</sub>-based optoelectronic devices, contributing valuable insights to the sustainable and controlled production of nanoparticle materials for enhanced photodetection.</p>

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Influence of Solvent Viscosity on TiO2 Nanoparticle Characteristics and TiO2/n-Si Photodetector Performance via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Ali J. Hadi,
  • Afrah T. Awad,
  • Uday M. Nayef,
  • Mohammed W. Muayad,
  • Marwa K. Rashid,
  • Adnan M. Hussain,
  • Hudhaifa T. Ali,
  • Yahya K. Kareem,
  • Pari A. Fareek

摘要

In this work, we systematically investigated the influence of solvent viscosity on the synthesis, structural properties, and optoelectronic behavior of TiO2 NPs prepared by PLAL. Two distinct liquid environments were selected: Deionized water, characterized by low viscosity, and glycerol, which operates under high viscosity. We analyzed how fluid viscosity affects the morphology, crystallinity, optical response, and device performance of NP. XRD, TEM, and FE-SEM structural and morphological data demonstrate that water-based synthesis facilitates the formation of smaller, anatase-type TiO2 nanoparticles. In contrast, glycerol significantly enlarges the NP size and promotes the coexistence of anatase and rutile phases, as well as aggregates, due to lower cooling rates. Optical data reveal a blue shift in the absorption edge and a larger band gap, measuring 3.76 eV and 3.54 eV, respectively, for NPs derived from Deionized water and glycerol. The NPs were used to fabricate an Al/TiO2/n-Si heterojunction for photodetection studies, showing better performance for glycerol-based NPs, with responsivity measured at 0.185 A/W at 380 nm, a detectivity of 6.24 × 10 11 Jones in the UV range, and an external quantum efficiency exceeding 60%. Thus, this work highlights the importance of solvent viscosity in tailoring NP features and optimizing TiO2-based optoelectronic devices, contributing valuable insights to the sustainable and controlled production of nanoparticle materials for enhanced photodetection.