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<p>This research presents the synthesis of biosilica from <i>Tectonagrandis</i> leaves and it’sincorporation into epoxy composites reinforced with <i>Solanumprocumbens</i> stem fiber, a unique material pairing not previously reportedwas fabricated using the traditional hand lay-up method. The developed composite PSB3, containing 2 vol.%biosilica, exhibited superior mechanical performance, achieving a tensile strength of 145.1&#xa0;MPa, flexural strength of 189&#xa0;MPa, impact strength of 4.7&#xa0;J, and Shore-D hardness of 97. These improvements are attributed to optimal biosilica dispersion, which strengthened interfacial bonding and stress transfer within the matrix. The PSB4 composite, with 4 vol.%biosilica, recorded the highest wear resistance with a specific wear rate of 0.025 mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm and a coefficient of friction of 0.63, owing to the dense packing and rigidity of biosilica particles that reduced material removal. PSB4 also demonstrated the highest thermal conductivity (0.594 W/mK), attributed to the formation of efficient heat conduction pathways. In contrast, the neat epoxy specimen (P) showed the lowest water absorption (0.3%) due to it’s tightly crosslinked, hydrophobic structure. The novelty of this study lies in the valorization of <i>Tectonagrandis</i> leaf waste for biosilica production and the first-time integration of <i>Solanumprocumbens</i> stem fiber in epoxy composites, yielding a sustainable material with multifunctional enhancements. Overall, the proposed composites hold strong potential for marine, structural, biomedical, drone, and automotive applications.</p>

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Synthesis of Biosilica from Tectonagrandis Leaves and It’s Incorporation in Solanumprocumbens Stem Fiber–Reinforced Epoxy Composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • P. Prabhakaran,
  • R. Ashok raj,
  • C. Chanakyan,
  • P. Rajesh Kumar

摘要

This research presents the synthesis of biosilica from Tectonagrandis leaves and it’sincorporation into epoxy composites reinforced with Solanumprocumbens stem fiber, a unique material pairing not previously reportedwas fabricated using the traditional hand lay-up method. The developed composite PSB3, containing 2 vol.%biosilica, exhibited superior mechanical performance, achieving a tensile strength of 145.1 MPa, flexural strength of 189 MPa, impact strength of 4.7 J, and Shore-D hardness of 97. These improvements are attributed to optimal biosilica dispersion, which strengthened interfacial bonding and stress transfer within the matrix. The PSB4 composite, with 4 vol.%biosilica, recorded the highest wear resistance with a specific wear rate of 0.025 mm3/Nm and a coefficient of friction of 0.63, owing to the dense packing and rigidity of biosilica particles that reduced material removal. PSB4 also demonstrated the highest thermal conductivity (0.594 W/mK), attributed to the formation of efficient heat conduction pathways. In contrast, the neat epoxy specimen (P) showed the lowest water absorption (0.3%) due to it’s tightly crosslinked, hydrophobic structure. The novelty of this study lies in the valorization of Tectonagrandis leaf waste for biosilica production and the first-time integration of Solanumprocumbens stem fiber in epoxy composites, yielding a sustainable material with multifunctional enhancements. Overall, the proposed composites hold strong potential for marine, structural, biomedical, drone, and automotive applications.