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<p>Silicon is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in increasing plant growth, improving crop yields, and imparting resilience against environmental stresses. This study explored the silicate solubilization potential of <i>Achromobacter</i> sp. L1C9T2, <i>Bacillus altitudinis</i> L3C3T2, <i>Bacillus safensis</i> L5C13T, <i>Bacillus altitudinis</i> SSB4, and <i>Priestia aryabhattai</i> KSBN2K7 using three silicate minerals, magnesium trisilicate (MGT), quartz (QT), and bentonite (BT). Both qualitative and quantitative assessments revealed that the maximum silicate solubilization was exhibited by <i>Bacillus altitudinis</i> SSB4 (87.71%) and <i>Priestia aryabhattai</i> KSBN2K7 (85.65%) from MGT and QT. Silicate solubilization was negatively correlated (-0.715) with decreasing pH after 24&#xa0;h, which was attributed to organic acids, as confirmed by GC‒MS analysis. The optimization of culture conditions, including pH, temperature, and carbon sources, revealed that a pH of 7, an incubation temperature of 30&#xa0;°C, and 1% dextrose enhanced silicate solubilization. The structural alteration of silicates induced by bacterial activity was validated through FT-IR spectroscopy. Statistical modeling using response surface methodology revealed optimal conditions for maximizing silicate solubilization, with R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.9941 and 0.9304 for magnesium trisilicate and 0.9855 and 0.9675 for quartz, and inoculation with SSB4 and KSBN2K7 indicated strong predictive accuracy. These results highlight the promising use of <i>Bacillus altitudinis</i> SSB4 and <i>Priestia aryabhattai</i> KSBN2K7 as potent silicate-solubilizing bioinoculants to increase plant growth and agricultural productivity.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Solubilization of Silicate Minerals by Bacillus spp. Using Response Surface Methodology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月11日

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  • Gajendiran Manimaran,
  • Selvi Duraisamy,
  • Anandham Rangasamy,
  • Thiyageshwari Subramanium,
  • Senthil Alagarsamy,
  • Prabhaharan James,
  • Deepana Perumal,
  • Jegan Periakaruppan

摘要

Silicon is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in increasing plant growth, improving crop yields, and imparting resilience against environmental stresses. This study explored the silicate solubilization potential of Achromobacter sp. L1C9T2, Bacillus altitudinis L3C3T2, Bacillus safensis L5C13T, Bacillus altitudinis SSB4, and Priestia aryabhattai KSBN2K7 using three silicate minerals, magnesium trisilicate (MGT), quartz (QT), and bentonite (BT). Both qualitative and quantitative assessments revealed that the maximum silicate solubilization was exhibited by Bacillus altitudinis SSB4 (87.71%) and Priestia aryabhattai KSBN2K7 (85.65%) from MGT and QT. Silicate solubilization was negatively correlated (-0.715) with decreasing pH after 24 h, which was attributed to organic acids, as confirmed by GC‒MS analysis. The optimization of culture conditions, including pH, temperature, and carbon sources, revealed that a pH of 7, an incubation temperature of 30 °C, and 1% dextrose enhanced silicate solubilization. The structural alteration of silicates induced by bacterial activity was validated through FT-IR spectroscopy. Statistical modeling using response surface methodology revealed optimal conditions for maximizing silicate solubilization, with R2 values of 0.9941 and 0.9304 for magnesium trisilicate and 0.9855 and 0.9675 for quartz, and inoculation with SSB4 and KSBN2K7 indicated strong predictive accuracy. These results highlight the promising use of Bacillus altitudinis SSB4 and Priestia aryabhattai KSBN2K7 as potent silicate-solubilizing bioinoculants to increase plant growth and agricultural productivity.

Graphical Abstract