Purpose of Review <p>Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a well-known complication of breast cancer treatment. Because of the morbidity and substantial impact BCRL can have patients’ lives, there is a lot of fear surrounding the development of lymphedema. We aim to provide an overview of contemporary literature that outlines BCRL risk factors and to provide context surrounding precautionary behaviors that may unnecessarily impose limits on patients’ lives.</p> Recent Findings <p>Extent of axillary surgery and receipt of regional nodal irradiation are significant BCRL risk factors. Patient-specific factors include BMI, race, and ethnicity, though the biological mechanisms are not fully understood. While precautionary behaviors have long been recommended, there is little evidence supporting strict adherence to these principles.</p> Summary <p>BCRL is multifactorial and more high-level research is needed to further delineate and quantify the impact of treatment- and patient-specific factors on BCRL development.</p>