Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Modeling of Coastal Width Influence on Sediment Transport and Shoreline Morphodynamics
摘要
This study investigates the influence of coastal width on liquid–sediment interaction and shoreline morphodynamics using smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) modeling, validated through particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments. A strong correlation was observed between the flow velocity magnitudes obtained from the PIV measurements and SPH simulations, with a maximum deviation of 7.14%. Results from the specific simulation scenarios indicate that flow velocity increases with both coastal width and water depth, with higher velocities recorded downstream. Sediment slope variations revealed peak differences of 33.82% at a 2 m coastal width and 34.41% at a 10 m width for the constant wave and low tide cases, respectively. The highest recorded wave height in the constant wave scenario was 1.18 m at a 43 m coastal width, while the low tide case exhibited a maximum wave height of 1.02 m at 22 m width. Both study cases identified a threshold Iribarren number of 0.05 within the 0–20 m coastal width range, corresponding to spilling wave breakers. The erosion and accretion analysis indicated maximum accretion rates of 0.68 m/year and 0.59 m/year at 20 m and 3 m widths, respectively, while peak erosion rates of 1.21 m/year and 1.14 m/year were recorded at 1 m and 13 m widths. Overall, the study suggests a strong correlation between coastal width and sediment transport patterns. Narrower coastal zones exhibited intensified erosion due to wave energy focusing, while wider regions promoted more distributed sediment displacement and localized accretion. Nonetheless, confirming a broadly applicable relationship will require further studies under a wider range of conditions. Although the present results provide valuable insights, they are tied to the modeled scenarios and should be applied to other coastal settings only after appropriate calibration for local conditions.