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<p>Subtidal Manila clam (<i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i>) has gained attention on the south coast of Korea as a shellfish resource due to its higher fitness attributed to continuous submergence and extended feeding. However, susceptibility to <i>Perkinsus olseni</i>, a major source of clam mortality in Korean waters, remains a concern. We examined the temporal variation in <i>P. olseni</i> infection intensity and clam fitness (condition index, CI) in subtidal clams from Gamakman Bay from April to September 2022. Infection intensity was quantified via Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium and 2M NaOH digestion, revealing monthly mean intensities of 1.1 × 10<sup>5</sup> to 1.5 × 10<sup>6</sup>&#xa0;cells/g wet tissue. Despite the high infection levels, clams maintained a relatively elevated CI, peaking at 218 in May and gradually decreasing to ~ 140 by September, concurrent with gamete release. Histological analysis showed that clams were mostly in developing stages (April–May) and spawned from June to September. Results suggest that round-the-clock submergence in subtidal habitats and greater feeding opportunities can sustain high clam fitness despite heavy <i>Perkinsus</i> infection. Our study indicates that subtidal culture may provide a viable alternative to intertidal areas for Manila clam production.</p>

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High Condition Index in Subtidal Manila Clams Ruditapes philippinarum Despite High Level of Perkinsus olseni Infection on the South Coast of Korea

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Thatchaneshkanth Subramaniam,
  • Young-Ghan Cho,
  • Hee Jung Choi,
  • Mun-Gyeong Kwon,
  • Kwang-Sik Choi

摘要

Subtidal Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) has gained attention on the south coast of Korea as a shellfish resource due to its higher fitness attributed to continuous submergence and extended feeding. However, susceptibility to Perkinsus olseni, a major source of clam mortality in Korean waters, remains a concern. We examined the temporal variation in P. olseni infection intensity and clam fitness (condition index, CI) in subtidal clams from Gamakman Bay from April to September 2022. Infection intensity was quantified via Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium and 2M NaOH digestion, revealing monthly mean intensities of 1.1 × 105 to 1.5 × 106 cells/g wet tissue. Despite the high infection levels, clams maintained a relatively elevated CI, peaking at 218 in May and gradually decreasing to ~ 140 by September, concurrent with gamete release. Histological analysis showed that clams were mostly in developing stages (April–May) and spawned from June to September. Results suggest that round-the-clock submergence in subtidal habitats and greater feeding opportunities can sustain high clam fitness despite heavy Perkinsus infection. Our study indicates that subtidal culture may provide a viable alternative to intertidal areas for Manila clam production.