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Abstract <p>Thorium dioxide (ThO<sub>2</sub>) fibers exhibit exceptional structural stability, low density and superior flexibility, coupled with a remarkably high melting point, positioning them as promising candidates for thermal protection applications. Additionally, their commendable secondary processing characteristics enable the development of diverse composite materials when integrated with other materials, significantly broadening the potential utilization of ThO<sub>2</sub> materials and thorium resources in industrial fields. In this work, the ThO<sub>2</sub> fiber was fabricated by the sol–gel precursor method, and the precursor with good spinnability and excellent stability was synthesized for the first time. The ThO<sub>2</sub> fiber with a mean diameter of 868&#xa0;nm is both highly flexible and strong (max. tensile strength 2.21&#xa0;MPa), capable of bending freely across a wide temperature range from − 196 °C (in liquid nitrogen) to 1200 °C. Meanwhile, it exhibits excellent temperature stability and heat insulation properties. The ThO<sub>2</sub> nanofiber membranes with layered structure have low density (32–37&#xa0;mg·cm<sup>−3</sup>), low thermal conductivity (27.3–30.1 mW·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>@25 °C). The ThO<sub>2</sub> nanofiber membranes with 15&#xa0;mm thickness can reduce the temperature from 1200 to 282&#xa0;°C and maintain a high aspect ratio and bendability after 1200&#xa0;°C@90&#xa0;min. The results show that the ThO<sub>2</sub> fiber can be used as a new kind of high-temperature resistant material.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis of flexible ThO2 nanofibers with high-temperature resistance by designing the precursor structure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月4日

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  • Zhe-Zhe Deng,
  • Ying Peng,
  • Yong-Shuai Xie,
  • Cheng Zeng,
  • Xin-Hao Li,
  • Jia Li,
  • Lu-Yi Zhu,
  • Xiao-Long Liu

摘要

Abstract

Thorium dioxide (ThO2) fibers exhibit exceptional structural stability, low density and superior flexibility, coupled with a remarkably high melting point, positioning them as promising candidates for thermal protection applications. Additionally, their commendable secondary processing characteristics enable the development of diverse composite materials when integrated with other materials, significantly broadening the potential utilization of ThO2 materials and thorium resources in industrial fields. In this work, the ThO2 fiber was fabricated by the sol–gel precursor method, and the precursor with good spinnability and excellent stability was synthesized for the first time. The ThO2 fiber with a mean diameter of 868 nm is both highly flexible and strong (max. tensile strength 2.21 MPa), capable of bending freely across a wide temperature range from − 196 °C (in liquid nitrogen) to 1200 °C. Meanwhile, it exhibits excellent temperature stability and heat insulation properties. The ThO2 nanofiber membranes with layered structure have low density (32–37 mg·cm−3), low thermal conductivity (27.3–30.1 mW·m−1·K−1@25 °C). The ThO2 nanofiber membranes with 15 mm thickness can reduce the temperature from 1200 to 282 °C and maintain a high aspect ratio and bendability after 1200 °C@90 min. The results show that the ThO2 fiber can be used as a new kind of high-temperature resistant material.

Graphical abstract