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<p>In this paper, the effect of different erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) configurations on four wave mixing (FWM) in a wavelength division multiplexed system is analysed. In order to balance transmission capacity and system performance, an 8 Gbps data rate was chosen. Chromatic dispersion and inter-symbol interference stay within reasonable bounds at this rate, allowing for a more thorough examination of nonlinear effects like four-wave mixing and the impacts of EDFA configurations and modulation formats on the DWDM system’s quality factor and BER performance. The novelty of the work lies in the investigation of FWM mitigation in a 32-channel DWDM system employing a double-pass EDFA (DP EDFA) architecture together with duobinary modulation and dispersion compensation. The suggested design assesses the combined effects of these methods on Q-factor augmentation, BER reduction, and suppression of nonlinear products, in contrast to earlier research that examined these methods independently. When compared to traditional DWDM topologies, the obtained findings show a considerable improvement in system performance. Eye diagrams, time-domain diagrams and an optical spectrum analyzer are used to evaluate the quality factor and FWM power of the various EDFA systems. It was found that the DP EDFA configuration reduced FWM power by roughly 2 dBm and performed better than SP EDFA. Further, the system performance was observed for both post compensation and pre compensation schemes. Additionally, the effectiveness of the WDM system with advanced modulation formats like duobinary, carrier suppression return to zero (CSRZ), etc. in the presence of dispersion compensated fiber (DCF) was evaluated. The FWM power of the CSRZ modulation technique is much lower than that of NRZ, RZ, and duobinary formats.</p>

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Effective four-wave mixing mitigation with fiber bragg grating for enhanced signal quality in double-pass EDFA systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Abeena Gulzar,
  • Gausia Qazi

摘要

In this paper, the effect of different erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) configurations on four wave mixing (FWM) in a wavelength division multiplexed system is analysed. In order to balance transmission capacity and system performance, an 8 Gbps data rate was chosen. Chromatic dispersion and inter-symbol interference stay within reasonable bounds at this rate, allowing for a more thorough examination of nonlinear effects like four-wave mixing and the impacts of EDFA configurations and modulation formats on the DWDM system’s quality factor and BER performance. The novelty of the work lies in the investigation of FWM mitigation in a 32-channel DWDM system employing a double-pass EDFA (DP EDFA) architecture together with duobinary modulation and dispersion compensation. The suggested design assesses the combined effects of these methods on Q-factor augmentation, BER reduction, and suppression of nonlinear products, in contrast to earlier research that examined these methods independently. When compared to traditional DWDM topologies, the obtained findings show a considerable improvement in system performance. Eye diagrams, time-domain diagrams and an optical spectrum analyzer are used to evaluate the quality factor and FWM power of the various EDFA systems. It was found that the DP EDFA configuration reduced FWM power by roughly 2 dBm and performed better than SP EDFA. Further, the system performance was observed for both post compensation and pre compensation schemes. Additionally, the effectiveness of the WDM system with advanced modulation formats like duobinary, carrier suppression return to zero (CSRZ), etc. in the presence of dispersion compensated fiber (DCF) was evaluated. The FWM power of the CSRZ modulation technique is much lower than that of NRZ, RZ, and duobinary formats.