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<p>We present a numerical study of spectral-filtering-induced picosecond rogue-wave dynamics in an all-normal-dispersion figure-8 fiber laser and examine their potential implications for random number generation. The laser employs a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) as an artificial saturable absorber, modeled using a fiber-coupler-based approach to accurately capture nonlinear phase accumulation and coupling asymmetry. By systematically reducing the bandwidth of an intracavity Gaussian spectral filter, a controlled transition is observed from stable dissipative soliton operation to chaotic regimes characterized by intermittent, high-energy rogue-wave events. Rogue waves are identified using the standard energy-based criterion, where pulse energies exceed 2.2 times the significant wave height (SWH). The resulting pulse-energy time series in the rogue-wave regime is statistically analyzed, revealing heavy-tailed, non-Gaussian probability distributions indicative of high-entropy nonlinear dynamics. These energy fluctuations are subsequently converted into raw binary sequences using threshold-based mapping, followed by standard post-processing techniques including von Neumann extraction and cryptographic hashing. The post-processed bitstreams successfully pass all applicable tests in the NIST SP&#xa0;800–22 statistical test suite. Although the present investigation is purely numerical, the results suggest that spectral-filtering-controlled rogue-wave regimes in picosecond fiber lasers represent a potential candidate for a physical entropy source and establish a numerical proof-of-principle framework for rogue-wave-based random number generation, motivating future experimental validation.</p>

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Numerical investigation of spectral-filtering-induced picosecond rogue-wave dynamics in a figure-8 fiber laser as a potential entropy source for random number generation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Utkarsh Kumar Singh,
  • Sahil Saini,
  • Pankaj Bhujbal,
  • Devnath Dhirhe

摘要

We present a numerical study of spectral-filtering-induced picosecond rogue-wave dynamics in an all-normal-dispersion figure-8 fiber laser and examine their potential implications for random number generation. The laser employs a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) as an artificial saturable absorber, modeled using a fiber-coupler-based approach to accurately capture nonlinear phase accumulation and coupling asymmetry. By systematically reducing the bandwidth of an intracavity Gaussian spectral filter, a controlled transition is observed from stable dissipative soliton operation to chaotic regimes characterized by intermittent, high-energy rogue-wave events. Rogue waves are identified using the standard energy-based criterion, where pulse energies exceed 2.2 times the significant wave height (SWH). The resulting pulse-energy time series in the rogue-wave regime is statistically analyzed, revealing heavy-tailed, non-Gaussian probability distributions indicative of high-entropy nonlinear dynamics. These energy fluctuations are subsequently converted into raw binary sequences using threshold-based mapping, followed by standard post-processing techniques including von Neumann extraction and cryptographic hashing. The post-processed bitstreams successfully pass all applicable tests in the NIST SP 800–22 statistical test suite. Although the present investigation is purely numerical, the results suggest that spectral-filtering-controlled rogue-wave regimes in picosecond fiber lasers represent a potential candidate for a physical entropy source and establish a numerical proof-of-principle framework for rogue-wave-based random number generation, motivating future experimental validation.