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<p>Birefringence plays a crucial role in polarization-preserving fibers; thus, increasing birefringence in a THz waveguide is essential for many different applications. The present investigation introduces a novel design of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) that exhibits parametric investigation including birefringence (B), power fraction (PF), effective material loss (EML), effective area (EA), and confinement loss (CL) characteristics in the THz range. Numerical studies have been conducted utilizing the finite element method and fine mesh analysis on the proposed triangular lattice slotted core PCF, considering different types of background materials. The PCF characteristics were determined by using different background materials, like Topas, Silicon Nitride (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) and High Resistivity Silicon (HRS), in the frequency range of 0.1–2.2 THz. A comprehensive investigation of PCF characteristics indicates that HRS serves as a valuable material for improving birefringence. The data indicates that HRS exhibits a birefringence of 0.9752, a power fraction in the core of 54.59%, and a mode field diameter (MFD) of &#xa0;0.195 μm, which is better than its competitors. Consequently, it is evident that HRS may present a more appropriate choice for narrowband sensing applications.</p>

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Comparative analysis of slotted-core photonic crystal fiber using Topas, Si3N4 and HRS for birefringence enhancement in the THz band

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • A. Alice Linsie,
  • Shyamal Mondal,
  • Shanthi Prince

摘要

Birefringence plays a crucial role in polarization-preserving fibers; thus, increasing birefringence in a THz waveguide is essential for many different applications. The present investigation introduces a novel design of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) that exhibits parametric investigation including birefringence (B), power fraction (PF), effective material loss (EML), effective area (EA), and confinement loss (CL) characteristics in the THz range. Numerical studies have been conducted utilizing the finite element method and fine mesh analysis on the proposed triangular lattice slotted core PCF, considering different types of background materials. The PCF characteristics were determined by using different background materials, like Topas, Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) and High Resistivity Silicon (HRS), in the frequency range of 0.1–2.2 THz. A comprehensive investigation of PCF characteristics indicates that HRS serves as a valuable material for improving birefringence. The data indicates that HRS exhibits a birefringence of 0.9752, a power fraction in the core of 54.59%, and a mode field diameter (MFD) of  0.195 μm, which is better than its competitors. Consequently, it is evident that HRS may present a more appropriate choice for narrowband sensing applications.