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<p>This study investigates the aero-optical effects induced by a spherical–conical optical dome with a protruding edge. Wavefront aberrations and energy attenuation caused by the flow field and the optical window at 2, 3, and 4&#xa0;Ma are obtained through ray tracing and the line-by-line method respectively. The transmittance distribution of the window is calculated using the transfer matrix method. Results show that the conical segment of the dome reduces the extent of the shock wave region, whereas the protruding edges normal to the incoming flow expand it. Variations in incident position and angle lead to a maximum transmittance difference of 0.1474 across the window. Aero-optical distortion is found to intensify with increasing flight speed, whereas energy attenuation decreases. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the design of optical systems in supersonic vehicles and the compensation of aero-optical effects.</p>

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Imaging quality analysis of a supersonic spherical-conical optical dome based on light transmission and energy attenuation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月22日

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  • CuiPing Yu,
  • YiMeng Zhu,
  • YouWei Yang,
  • ZhiYong Yin,
  • QingHui Pan,
  • Yong Shuai

摘要

This study investigates the aero-optical effects induced by a spherical–conical optical dome with a protruding edge. Wavefront aberrations and energy attenuation caused by the flow field and the optical window at 2, 3, and 4 Ma are obtained through ray tracing and the line-by-line method respectively. The transmittance distribution of the window is calculated using the transfer matrix method. Results show that the conical segment of the dome reduces the extent of the shock wave region, whereas the protruding edges normal to the incoming flow expand it. Variations in incident position and angle lead to a maximum transmittance difference of 0.1474 across the window. Aero-optical distortion is found to intensify with increasing flight speed, whereas energy attenuation decreases. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the design of optical systems in supersonic vehicles and the compensation of aero-optical effects.