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<p>We explored the structural characteristics of naturally obtained biosilica diatoms from various waterbodies in Assam and Meghalaya, with a prime focus to investigate the structural similarities between the diatoms and photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). The extracted diatom samples were examined utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The SEM unveils a variety of pinnate diatom species within the collected samples, including <i>Naviculi cuspidate</i>,<i> Pinnularria viridis</i>,<i> Tabellaria fenestrate</i>,<i> Frustulia rhomboides</i>,<i> Cymbella </i>sp., and <i>Fragilaria </i>sp. A closer examination reveals that the arrangement and distribution of pores, resembling a crystal structure, position the diatoms as promising candidates for other photonic systems. Furthermore, EDX analysis confirms the presence of silicon and oxygen, indicating that diatoms exhibit both morphological and optical similarities to PCFs. To further evaluate their photonic relevance, UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy were employed, revealing strong UV-B absorption and the presence of key functional groups such as Si–O–Si, C=O, and –OH, consistent with reported characteristics of diatom biosilica. Owing to their inherent nanostructuring, optical activity, and structural equivalence to PCFs, diatoms not only hold significant potential for eco-friendly alternative to conventional PCFs in photonic and optical device applications, supporting the shift toward sustainable materials in advanced technologies.</p>

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Photonic crystal morphology of freshwater diatoms collected from Assam and Meghalaya

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月30日

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  • Nitu Borgohain,
  • B. Sophia Tao,
  • Grace Alisha L. Mawnai,
  • Shireen Aman,
  • Kabyashree Dutta,
  • Gitanjal Deka,
  • Mohit Sharma,
  • Moutushi Das

摘要

We explored the structural characteristics of naturally obtained biosilica diatoms from various waterbodies in Assam and Meghalaya, with a prime focus to investigate the structural similarities between the diatoms and photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). The extracted diatom samples were examined utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The SEM unveils a variety of pinnate diatom species within the collected samples, including Naviculi cuspidate, Pinnularria viridis, Tabellaria fenestrate, Frustulia rhomboides, Cymbella sp., and Fragilaria sp. A closer examination reveals that the arrangement and distribution of pores, resembling a crystal structure, position the diatoms as promising candidates for other photonic systems. Furthermore, EDX analysis confirms the presence of silicon and oxygen, indicating that diatoms exhibit both morphological and optical similarities to PCFs. To further evaluate their photonic relevance, UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy were employed, revealing strong UV-B absorption and the presence of key functional groups such as Si–O–Si, C=O, and –OH, consistent with reported characteristics of diatom biosilica. Owing to their inherent nanostructuring, optical activity, and structural equivalence to PCFs, diatoms not only hold significant potential for eco-friendly alternative to conventional PCFs in photonic and optical device applications, supporting the shift toward sustainable materials in advanced technologies.