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<p>Measurements of pH value in an aqueous solution using a sensor based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) involve measurements of the refractive index (R<sub>I</sub>) originated by the changes in the pH values. It finds applications in chemical titrations, purity of water and milk samples from different sources, testing saliva and blood samples for various medical purposes. The main ingredient is a suitable pH-sensitive hydrogel that swells due to alterations of the pH value of the testing liquid, hence changing its refractive index. In order to accurately measure small changes in the pH value of the testing fluid, we propose a sensor based on SPR phenomenon consisting of Prism-Gold-ZrO<sub>2</sub>-Hydrogel-Analyte. By suitably selecting ZrO<sub>2</sub> slab deposited between gold and hydrogel, we achieve a very high resolution and a large SNR (Signal-to-Noise-Ratio) sensor design. The analyte consisting of a liquid solution whose pH is to be measured, is in contact with the hydrogel. We discuss a detailed theoretical analysis of the optimized design parameters of the proposed sensor to yield significantly large SNR. We also calculate FWHM, sensitivity, resolution, accuracy of detection, and Figure-Of-Merit (FOM), and discuss the effect of surface roughness, humidity, and temperature.</p>

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Design proposal of a pH-sensor with extremely high signal-to-noise-ratio

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Himanshu Kushwah,
  • Jagneet Kaur Anand

摘要

Measurements of pH value in an aqueous solution using a sensor based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) involve measurements of the refractive index (RI) originated by the changes in the pH values. It finds applications in chemical titrations, purity of water and milk samples from different sources, testing saliva and blood samples for various medical purposes. The main ingredient is a suitable pH-sensitive hydrogel that swells due to alterations of the pH value of the testing liquid, hence changing its refractive index. In order to accurately measure small changes in the pH value of the testing fluid, we propose a sensor based on SPR phenomenon consisting of Prism-Gold-ZrO2-Hydrogel-Analyte. By suitably selecting ZrO2 slab deposited between gold and hydrogel, we achieve a very high resolution and a large SNR (Signal-to-Noise-Ratio) sensor design. The analyte consisting of a liquid solution whose pH is to be measured, is in contact with the hydrogel. We discuss a detailed theoretical analysis of the optimized design parameters of the proposed sensor to yield significantly large SNR. We also calculate FWHM, sensitivity, resolution, accuracy of detection, and Figure-Of-Merit (FOM), and discuss the effect of surface roughness, humidity, and temperature.