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<p>Dual-mode tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) have become pivotal in optical sensing applications due to their enhanced light coupling from the core fundamental mode to higher-order modes, which increases sensitivity to polarization. This paper explores the spectral characteristics of TFBGs by varying the tilt angle from 0° to 90° in 5° increments, under two detuning factors, Δn (0.001, 0.0001). The analysis reveals a linear relationship between power transmission and tilt angle, as well as a corresponding shift in the Bragg wavelength. Key findings include the identification of five distinct compact photonic devices emerging from the interplay of tilt angle and detuning factors. When Δn = 0.0001, the TFBG operates as a universal optical logic gate at tilt angles between 0° and 80°, while a shift at 85° characterizes a power combiner. For Δn = 0.001, the TFBG behaves as a universal optical logic gate at 0°–40°, transitions to a beam splitter at 45° with a 50% intensity change, and acts as a phase shifter at 75°. At 85°, the TFBG demonstrates polarization beam-splitting behaviour with phase shifts at two intersection points (T1, T2), including distinct peak and valley values (Tp, Tv). Additionally, at λB = 1270&#xa0;nm, a zero-dispersion condition is achieved, indicative of a dispersion compensator.</p>

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Optimizing photonic device performance with tunable tilted dual-mode fiber Bragg gratings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月17日

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  • Sara A. Alwash,
  • Tahreer S. Mansour,
  • Ahmad Ashrif A. Bakar

摘要

Dual-mode tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) have become pivotal in optical sensing applications due to their enhanced light coupling from the core fundamental mode to higher-order modes, which increases sensitivity to polarization. This paper explores the spectral characteristics of TFBGs by varying the tilt angle from 0° to 90° in 5° increments, under two detuning factors, Δn (0.001, 0.0001). The analysis reveals a linear relationship between power transmission and tilt angle, as well as a corresponding shift in the Bragg wavelength. Key findings include the identification of five distinct compact photonic devices emerging from the interplay of tilt angle and detuning factors. When Δn = 0.0001, the TFBG operates as a universal optical logic gate at tilt angles between 0° and 80°, while a shift at 85° characterizes a power combiner. For Δn = 0.001, the TFBG behaves as a universal optical logic gate at 0°–40°, transitions to a beam splitter at 45° with a 50% intensity change, and acts as a phase shifter at 75°. At 85°, the TFBG demonstrates polarization beam-splitting behaviour with phase shifts at two intersection points (T1, T2), including distinct peak and valley values (Tp, Tv). Additionally, at λB = 1270 nm, a zero-dispersion condition is achieved, indicative of a dispersion compensator.