<p>This study explores the design and performance optimization of a lead-free perovskite solar cell based on the structure FTO/TiO<sub>2</sub>/Cs<sub>2</sub>AgBiBr<sub>6</sub>/GQD/Au. Cs<sub>2</sub>AgBiBr<sub>6</sub>, a double perovskite has been selected as the absorber layer due to its non-toxic nature and inherent stability, addressing the environmental concerns associated with traditional lead-halide perovskites. TiO<sub>2</sub> serves as the electron transport layer (ETL), ensuring efficient electron extraction and transport, while graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are incorporated as the hole transport layer (HTL) due to their exceptional conductivity and tunable energy levels. The Au layer acts as the back contact, facilitating efficient hole collection. We investigated the effects of doping density, total defect density, and absorber layer thickness. A machine learning (ML) model was then trained to make predictions about the solar cell's performance parameters. The photovoltaic performance of the device was characterized, revealing an open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>) of 0.814&#xa0;V, short-circuit current density (J<sub>SC</sub>) of 24.55&#xa0;mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, fill factor (FF) of 76.69%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.33%. The results highlight the potential of Cs<sub>2</sub>AgBiBr<sub>6</sub>-based solar cells, showcasing a promising path toward the development of high-performance, environmentally friendly photovoltaic devices. The ML predicted the performance metrices of the investigated solar cell with 96.03% accuracy. Further optimization of interface engineering and material properties could enhance the overall efficiency and stability of the solar cell, making it a viable candidate for sustainable energy applications.</p>

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Design and performance optimization of a lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 perovskite solar cell with graphene quantum dot hole transport layer using SCAPS-1D and machine learning

  • Md Amanullah Saifee,
  • Md. Ali,
  • Fareha Feroz Alam Khan,
  • Abhishek Kumar Srivastava,
  • Javid Ali,
  • Mohd. Shahid Khan

摘要

This study explores the design and performance optimization of a lead-free perovskite solar cell based on the structure FTO/TiO2/Cs2AgBiBr6/GQD/Au. Cs2AgBiBr6, a double perovskite has been selected as the absorber layer due to its non-toxic nature and inherent stability, addressing the environmental concerns associated with traditional lead-halide perovskites. TiO2 serves as the electron transport layer (ETL), ensuring efficient electron extraction and transport, while graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are incorporated as the hole transport layer (HTL) due to their exceptional conductivity and tunable energy levels. The Au layer acts as the back contact, facilitating efficient hole collection. We investigated the effects of doping density, total defect density, and absorber layer thickness. A machine learning (ML) model was then trained to make predictions about the solar cell's performance parameters. The photovoltaic performance of the device was characterized, revealing an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.814 V, short-circuit current density (JSC) of 24.55 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) of 76.69%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.33%. The results highlight the potential of Cs2AgBiBr6-based solar cells, showcasing a promising path toward the development of high-performance, environmentally friendly photovoltaic devices. The ML predicted the performance metrices of the investigated solar cell with 96.03% accuracy. Further optimization of interface engineering and material properties could enhance the overall efficiency and stability of the solar cell, making it a viable candidate for sustainable energy applications.