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<p>Small-scale clown knifefish (<i>Chitala chitala</i>) aquaculture in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta is promoted as a livelihood option but faces mounting disease, climate, and market risks. We tested whether morphometrics and farmer capacities jointly shape resilience and profitability. Morphometrics of 301 cultured fish and surveys of 464 farmers across five locations were collected. PCA and clustering revealed modest but consistent river- and location-level structure, driven mainly by anal-fin and cranial metrics; the large mid-body proportion implies favorable fillet yield. Linear multiple regression showed all predictors significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) with good fit (adjusted R² = 0.517; F = 122.616) and negligible multicollinearity (VIF &lt; 2). Coefficients indicated Habits/Customs (HC) as the strongest negative determinant (β = −0.567), with positive effects of Inputs (IN; β = +0.166) and Institutional/Policy support (IP; β = +0.222), and a negative effect of Damage (DA; β = −0.230). PLS-SEM corroborated these pathways as low collinearity (VIF = 1.111–1.195), acceptable discriminant validity (HTMT ≤ 0.693), strong loadings (≥ 0.72), and similar paths; HC showed the largest local effect (f² = 0.624). Findings indicate that behavioral and institutional frictions constrain livelihoods. Based on the results, we recommend broodstock selection for high-yield morphotypes, behaviorally informed extension on feed optimization and loss prevention, strengthened zoning and enforcement, improved credit/input delivery, and reinforced market linkages, which aligned with the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach. These actions can materially enhance resilience, profitability, and sectoral sustainability.</p>

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Potential analysis of Chitala Chitala (Hamilton 1822) in the Mekong Delta: Morphological Characteristics, Population Assessment, and Sustainable Livelihoods of Fish Farming in An Giang

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Luu Tang Phuc Khang,
  • Tran Thi Phuong Dung,
  • Nguyen Xuan Tong,
  • Luong Thi Thu Ngan,
  • Nguyen Huu Tai,
  • Phan Do Trong Nghia

摘要

Small-scale clown knifefish (Chitala chitala) aquaculture in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta is promoted as a livelihood option but faces mounting disease, climate, and market risks. We tested whether morphometrics and farmer capacities jointly shape resilience and profitability. Morphometrics of 301 cultured fish and surveys of 464 farmers across five locations were collected. PCA and clustering revealed modest but consistent river- and location-level structure, driven mainly by anal-fin and cranial metrics; the large mid-body proportion implies favorable fillet yield. Linear multiple regression showed all predictors significant (p < 0.001) with good fit (adjusted R² = 0.517; F = 122.616) and negligible multicollinearity (VIF < 2). Coefficients indicated Habits/Customs (HC) as the strongest negative determinant (β = −0.567), with positive effects of Inputs (IN; β = +0.166) and Institutional/Policy support (IP; β = +0.222), and a negative effect of Damage (DA; β = −0.230). PLS-SEM corroborated these pathways as low collinearity (VIF = 1.111–1.195), acceptable discriminant validity (HTMT ≤ 0.693), strong loadings (≥ 0.72), and similar paths; HC showed the largest local effect (f² = 0.624). Findings indicate that behavioral and institutional frictions constrain livelihoods. Based on the results, we recommend broodstock selection for high-yield morphotypes, behaviorally informed extension on feed optimization and loss prevention, strengthened zoning and enforcement, improved credit/input delivery, and reinforced market linkages, which aligned with the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach. These actions can materially enhance resilience, profitability, and sectoral sustainability.