<p>Fishes respond to stressors by evoking stress and ease response, which involves ion osmotic disturbance during their stress acclimation. As freshwater fish, zebrafish draw up ions from the environment and may lose ions during the stressor challenge. However, little is known about the impact of air exposure and its recovery on the ion transporter’s function, particularly the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> pump and channels in the brain and gut that make an axis for the coordination of many physiological functions of the body. We, thus, investigated the effects of acute air exposure and its recovery on the subunit gene isoform expression of ion transporters such as Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> ATPase (NKA) subunit alpha 1a (NKAα1a; <i>atp1a1a</i>), NKA subunit beta 3b (NKAβ3b; <i>atp1b3b</i>), V-type H<sup>+</sup> ATPase subunit (C 1A-H<sup>+</sup> ATPase; <i>atp6v1c1a</i>), Na-Cl cotransporter-like protein (NCC; <i>slc12a10.2</i>), and Na–K–Cl cotransporter (NKCC; <i>slc12a2</i>) in the brain/gut axis of zebrafish to delineate the role of these ion transporters in stress acclimation. The qPCR analysis of these gene expression patterns in the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and metencephalon of the brain and anterior intestine, middle intestine, and posterior intestine (PI) of the gut segments of zebrafish showed both spatial and temporal patterns upon air exposure and its recovery after air exposure. We found prominent activation of <i>atp1a1a, atp1b3b,</i> and <i>atp6v1c1a</i> transcript expressions in the prosencephalon after air exposure. In contrast, recovery produced transcript activation of <i>atp1a1a, atp1b3b,</i> and <i>atp6v1c1a</i> in anterior intestine and <i>slc12a10 and slc12a</i> in the posterior intestine. Our data, thus, support the hypothesis that a pattern of ionic gradients driven by Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> pump and channels exists across the brain/gut axis of zebrafish, which allows the reversing of the direction of the brain/gut axis upon air exposure to the gut/brain axis upon recovery. Taken together, the data provide evidence for the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> pump as a biomarker of ion osmotic adaptive response as it senses and integrates the stress and the recovery mechanisms of zebrafish across the brain/gut axis where it reestablishes appropriate Na/K ionic gradients during their stress acclimation.</p>

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Air Exposure Promotes Subunit Isoform Expression of Na+/K+-ATPase and vH+-ATPase, and Recovery Reverses NKCC1 and NCC Expressions in the Brain/Gut Axis of Zebrafish

  • Jemma Pius,
  • M. C. Subhash Peter

摘要

Fishes respond to stressors by evoking stress and ease response, which involves ion osmotic disturbance during their stress acclimation. As freshwater fish, zebrafish draw up ions from the environment and may lose ions during the stressor challenge. However, little is known about the impact of air exposure and its recovery on the ion transporter’s function, particularly the Na+/K+ pump and channels in the brain and gut that make an axis for the coordination of many physiological functions of the body. We, thus, investigated the effects of acute air exposure and its recovery on the subunit gene isoform expression of ion transporters such as Na+/K+ ATPase (NKA) subunit alpha 1a (NKAα1a; atp1a1a), NKA subunit beta 3b (NKAβ3b; atp1b3b), V-type H+ ATPase subunit (C 1A-H+ ATPase; atp6v1c1a), Na-Cl cotransporter-like protein (NCC; slc12a10.2), and Na–K–Cl cotransporter (NKCC; slc12a2) in the brain/gut axis of zebrafish to delineate the role of these ion transporters in stress acclimation. The qPCR analysis of these gene expression patterns in the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and metencephalon of the brain and anterior intestine, middle intestine, and posterior intestine (PI) of the gut segments of zebrafish showed both spatial and temporal patterns upon air exposure and its recovery after air exposure. We found prominent activation of atp1a1a, atp1b3b, and atp6v1c1a transcript expressions in the prosencephalon after air exposure. In contrast, recovery produced transcript activation of atp1a1a, atp1b3b, and atp6v1c1a in anterior intestine and slc12a10 and slc12a in the posterior intestine. Our data, thus, support the hypothesis that a pattern of ionic gradients driven by Na+/K+ pump and channels exists across the brain/gut axis of zebrafish, which allows the reversing of the direction of the brain/gut axis upon air exposure to the gut/brain axis upon recovery. Taken together, the data provide evidence for the Na+/K+ pump as a biomarker of ion osmotic adaptive response as it senses and integrates the stress and the recovery mechanisms of zebrafish across the brain/gut axis where it reestablishes appropriate Na/K ionic gradients during their stress acclimation.