<p>Iron isotopes, represented by δ⁵⁶Fe, serve as valuable tools for constraining the surface iron processes and as potent tracers for studying the biogeochemical cycle of iron. Nevertheless, our comprehension of iron isotopes in the land surface processes of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) remains limited. In this study, we present the results of iron isotopic composition (δ⁵⁶Fe) in the surface soils of the TP, encompassing both glacial and non-glacial regions characterized by rugged and flat topographies. Our findings reveal that soil δ⁵⁶Fe values ranged from −0.01‰ ± 0.05‰ to 0.14‰ ± 0.01‰, with the highest values observed in eastern locations (0.14‰) and the lowest appeared in the northeast (−0.1‰). On a global scale, the δ⁵⁶Fe values observed in Tibetan soils exhibited relatively small variability compared to reservoirs marked by significant iron isotope fractionation. By contrast, the range of TP soils measured here was slightly larger than that of the Chinese Loess. Furthermore, we discerned noticeable spatial variations in δ⁵⁶Fe across the large-scale region of TP, indicating a gradual increase trend from the northeast to the south and from the west to the east. These regional disparities in δ⁵⁶Fe likely arise from a combination of constraining factors, including differences in mineralogy, lithological variations, organic matter content, and variations in chemical weathering intensity. This study is pivotal in advancing our understanding of land surface iron isotope dynamics and its role in the biogeochemical cycle within the TP region.</p>