<p>The most abundant and easily available energy source is sunlight. Solar cells are able to convert solar energy to electrical energy; the quantity of electrical energy produced can be increased by improving the light trapping ability of solar cells. Surface texturing is an excellent method to achieve light trapping at a reasonable cost. Mono-crystalline solar cells have dominated the solar cell market for decades, and still have 90% of the market share. Multi-crystalline solar cells have lower efficiency, but have gained attention due to their low fabrication cost. Lasers already play a vital role in solar cell production due to their versatility and low maintenance compared to chemical techniques. Laser assisted surface texturing can be applied to both mono and multi-crystalline silicon solar cells, which is not practical through conventional etching techniques. In the current article, the laser assisted surface texturing of solar cells with features in micro- and nano-scale are presented. Also, methods to improve silicon-based solar cells and the principles of optical enhancement via surface texturing are studied in detail.</p>