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<p>Electrospray thrusters are promising high-efficiency propulsion systems for small satellite platforms. While the available satellite power bus operates between 5V and 28V, these thrusters operate at kilovolt level, requiring DC/DC power conversion. These power converters must meet specific requirements, including bipolar output, compact design, and a reduced component count to fit within small platforms. In addition, they may incorporate current-balancing mechanisms to ensure thruster current symmetry, preventing spacecraft charging without a cathode. Electrospray thrusters are promising high-efficiency propulsion systems for small satellite platforms. While the available satellite power bus operates between 5V and 28V, these thrusters operate at kilovolt level, requiring DC/DC power conversion. These power converters must meet specific requirements, including bipolar output, compact design, and a reduced component count to fit within small platforms. In addition, they may incorporate current-balancing mechanisms to ensure thruster current symmetry, preventing spacecraft charging without a cathode. This paper provides an overview of DC/DC power converters designed for electrospray thrusters, analyzing key trends and characteristics. Among various voltage-boosting techniques, converters based on isolated transformers and Cockcroft–Walton voltage multipliers emerge as the preferred solution. The four predominant architectures found in the literature, aside from commercial solutions, include resonant full bridge, Royer oscillator, interleaved boost, and flyback topologies. This survey offers a comprehensive comparison of the literature designs for electrospray propulsion, outlining the working principles of the topologies and their characteristics, suitability, and trends.</p>

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Survey of high-voltage DC/DC converters for electrospray thrusters

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月21日

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  • Francisco José Blázquez-Plaza,
  • Andrés Barrado,
  • Mick Wijnen

摘要

Electrospray thrusters are promising high-efficiency propulsion systems for small satellite platforms. While the available satellite power bus operates between 5V and 28V, these thrusters operate at kilovolt level, requiring DC/DC power conversion. These power converters must meet specific requirements, including bipolar output, compact design, and a reduced component count to fit within small platforms. In addition, they may incorporate current-balancing mechanisms to ensure thruster current symmetry, preventing spacecraft charging without a cathode. Electrospray thrusters are promising high-efficiency propulsion systems for small satellite platforms. While the available satellite power bus operates between 5V and 28V, these thrusters operate at kilovolt level, requiring DC/DC power conversion. These power converters must meet specific requirements, including bipolar output, compact design, and a reduced component count to fit within small platforms. In addition, they may incorporate current-balancing mechanisms to ensure thruster current symmetry, preventing spacecraft charging without a cathode. This paper provides an overview of DC/DC power converters designed for electrospray thrusters, analyzing key trends and characteristics. Among various voltage-boosting techniques, converters based on isolated transformers and Cockcroft–Walton voltage multipliers emerge as the preferred solution. The four predominant architectures found in the literature, aside from commercial solutions, include resonant full bridge, Royer oscillator, interleaved boost, and flyback topologies. This survey offers a comprehensive comparison of the literature designs for electrospray propulsion, outlining the working principles of the topologies and their characteristics, suitability, and trends.