Disciplining the morally autonomous individual: young people’s perspectives on Singaporean multiculturalism
摘要
Despite young people being the heirs of an increasingly multicultural world and the future of multicultural Singapore, there remains a lack of research on their perspectives on multiculturalism and multicultural issues. In an attempt to account for young people’s perspectives in the multiculturalism discourse, a qualitative research study is used in this paper to examine young people’s perspectives on multiculturalism and multicultural issues in the context of the National Education programme in Singapore via a critical-harmony multiculturalism perspective. Four key themes were surfaced in this study on young people’s perspectives on Singaporean multiculturalism. The first theme is a non-confrontational interracial interaction which is understood in terms of an educative approach and that of creating opportunities and spaces for interracial interaction. The second theme is that of a notion of the morally autonomous individual, built on a belief in discipling personal responsibility to address racism which was understood as an individual moral failing. The third theme pertains to maintaining the status quo of the perceived functional Singaporean multiculturalism and its prominent aspect: tolerance. The last theme touches on participants’ view that the school, as a safe space, has an untapped potential for deeper engagement beyond the current surface approach of multiracialism education. Underlying participants’ valuing of a non-confrontational social harmony is an internalised individualistically oriented idea of multiculturalism anchored on a notion of the morally autonomous individual that frames racism and multicultural issues primarily as individual moral failings which I argue is shaped by Singapore’s multiracialism education.