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<p>ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers use a conserved Snf2-family ATPase motor to generate diverse remodeling outcomes in distinct chromatin contexts. From cumulative work across several years, autoinhibition is emerging as one mechanism that explains such specificity. Family-specific inhibitory domains or accessory modules restrain the ATPase motor until the appropriate nucleosomal cues are encountered. These cues include histone tails, linker DNA, the acidic patch, or, in specialized contexts, damage-induced PARylation. We discuss how this principle operates in ISWI, CHD, ALC1, and INO80-family remodelers, where distinct regulatory elements couple substrate recognition to productive remodeling. Together, these studies emphasize that chromatin remodelers are not constitutively active motors that are merely recruited to chromatin, but context-sensitive molecular machines whose activity is gated by information encoded within the nucleosome itself.</p>

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Autoinhibition as a mechanism for context dependent activation of ATP dependent chromatin remodelers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Upneet Kaur,
  • Geeta J. Narlikar

摘要

ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers use a conserved Snf2-family ATPase motor to generate diverse remodeling outcomes in distinct chromatin contexts. From cumulative work across several years, autoinhibition is emerging as one mechanism that explains such specificity. Family-specific inhibitory domains or accessory modules restrain the ATPase motor until the appropriate nucleosomal cues are encountered. These cues include histone tails, linker DNA, the acidic patch, or, in specialized contexts, damage-induced PARylation. We discuss how this principle operates in ISWI, CHD, ALC1, and INO80-family remodelers, where distinct regulatory elements couple substrate recognition to productive remodeling. Together, these studies emphasize that chromatin remodelers are not constitutively active motors that are merely recruited to chromatin, but context-sensitive molecular machines whose activity is gated by information encoded within the nucleosome itself.