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<p>This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of mycotoxins in pastures (<i>N</i> = 84) and in conserved hay, haylage, and silage forages (<i>N</i> = 107) collected from 21 farms in the Southeast region of Brazil, using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mycotoxins were quantified in 94 and 91% of pasture and conserved forage samples, respectively. The most frequently found mycotoxins in pastures were aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA). Among the plant species analyzed, <i>Urochloa</i> spp. showed the highest detection rates, especially for T-2 toxin (T-2), AFs, and OTA. Fumonisins (FBs) and zearalenone (ZEN) were the most prevalent mycotoxins in conserved forages. In pastures, OTA had the highest occurrence rate in summer, although FBs were more frequently quantified in the winter. The mean levels of AFs (sum of AFB<sub>1</sub> and AFB<sub>2</sub>) in pastures and conserved forages exceeded the European Union’s maximum tolerance limits for animal feed. Co-occurrence of mycotoxins was observed in 59 and 35 samples of pastures and conserved forages (70 and 34%, respectively). AFs with FBs (sum of FB<sub>1</sub> and FB<sub>2</sub>), T-2, or OTA were the most common co-occurring mycotoxins in pastures, while the most frequent combinations in conserved forages were ZEN with FBs or AFs. Results of this trial provide novel data on the mycotoxin occurrence in tropical pastures and conserved forages, also highlighting the need for good agricultural and management practices to prevent their presence in grazing areas in Brazil.</p>

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Occurrence of mycotoxins in pastures and conserved forages in the Southeast region of Brazil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月27日

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  • João Paulo Rodrigues,
  • Marisa Veras Nestlehner,
  • Carolina Silva Cerqueira,
  • Sabrina Souza Silva,
  • Giovana Fumes Ghantous,
  • Roice Eliana Rosim,
  • Carlos Humberto Corassin,
  • Carlos Augusto Fernandes Oliveira

摘要

This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of mycotoxins in pastures (N = 84) and in conserved hay, haylage, and silage forages (N = 107) collected from 21 farms in the Southeast region of Brazil, using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mycotoxins were quantified in 94 and 91% of pasture and conserved forage samples, respectively. The most frequently found mycotoxins in pastures were aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA). Among the plant species analyzed, Urochloa spp. showed the highest detection rates, especially for T-2 toxin (T-2), AFs, and OTA. Fumonisins (FBs) and zearalenone (ZEN) were the most prevalent mycotoxins in conserved forages. In pastures, OTA had the highest occurrence rate in summer, although FBs were more frequently quantified in the winter. The mean levels of AFs (sum of AFB1 and AFB2) in pastures and conserved forages exceeded the European Union’s maximum tolerance limits for animal feed. Co-occurrence of mycotoxins was observed in 59 and 35 samples of pastures and conserved forages (70 and 34%, respectively). AFs with FBs (sum of FB1 and FB2), T-2, or OTA were the most common co-occurring mycotoxins in pastures, while the most frequent combinations in conserved forages were ZEN with FBs or AFs. Results of this trial provide novel data on the mycotoxin occurrence in tropical pastures and conserved forages, also highlighting the need for good agricultural and management practices to prevent their presence in grazing areas in Brazil.