<p>This study investigates whether and how the division of domestic labor and gender role attitudes predict the fertility gap, the discrepancy between ideal and actual number of children, among married and cohabiting adults in Taiwan. Drawing on the 2022 wave of the Panel Study of Family Dynamics (<i>n</i> = 1,893), we estimate binary logistic regression models for the full sample and separately by sex. In the full-sample models, wife’s housework share is a significant negative predictor of fertility gap, a counterintuitive pattern interpreted as reflecting normative congruence in traditionally organized households. Gender-stratified analyses show different patterns by sex: among male respondents, the wife’s housework share is a significant negative predictor while gender role attitudes are not; among female respondents, the wife’s housework share is non-significant, while more traditional gender role attitudes are associated with a higher likelihood of a fertility gap. Because the groups are modeled separately, these are described as subgroup patterns rather than a formally tested sex difference. Financial difficulty is also a significant negative predictor for women but not men. These findings suggest that the fertility gap in Taiwan is associated with gendered patterns rooted in the incomplete transition toward more equal household gender arrangements.</p>