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<p>A new genus of Elcaninae Handlirsch, 1906 (Orthoptera: Elcanidae) with three new species is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The type species is <i>Elcanodentes alatus</i> gen. et sp. nov., described from an almost completely preserved female specimen. <i>Elcanodentes cretaceus</i> gen. et sp. nov. is described based on the male holotype and a female paratype. <i>Elcanodentes thanatos</i> gen. et sp. nov. is reported from a partly preserved female specimen. The genus is characterised by a wing venation similar to <i>Panorpidium</i> Westwood, 1854, however, differs from the latter by featuring a pterostigma without cross veins, an anal forewing margin between CuA + CuPaα and MP making up 26–33% of the total wing length and the name giving small teeth along the lateral margins of the metatibial spurs. A proportionally much longer tegminal margin between CuA + CuPaα and MP of Burmese-amber Elcanidae compared with most Laurasian species suggests a descent from Gondwanan predecessors, such as <i>Cratoelcana</i> Martins-Neto, 1991. The diversity of ovipositors in the Elcanidae is discussed and three different morpho-types for this structure are suggested: sword-shaped, scythe-shaped and saber-shaped. Some previously described taxa of Burmese amber Elcanidae are taxonomically revised: <i>Panorpidium maculosum</i> Zhou et al., (Cretaceous Research 136, 2022) is moved to <i>Pseudopanorpidium</i> gen. nov. <i>Probaisselcana oculata</i> Hu and He, (Cretaceous Research 151, 2023) is moved to <i>Pseudoprobaisselcana</i> gen. nov. <i>Hukawnelca gracile</i> and <i>Caelielca spinocrus</i> both Uchida, (Cretaceous Research 131, 2022) are assigned to the Archelcaninae Gorochov et al., (Cretaceous Research 27:641–662, 2006).</p>

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New species of Burmese amber Elcanidae (Insecta: Orthoptera) suggest Gondwanan origin and demonstrate ovipositor diversity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月29日

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  • Lena Anke Willmott,
  • Ole-Kristian Odin Schall,
  • Ulrich Kotthoff,
  • Martin Husemann

摘要

A new genus of Elcaninae Handlirsch, 1906 (Orthoptera: Elcanidae) with three new species is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The type species is Elcanodentes alatus gen. et sp. nov., described from an almost completely preserved female specimen. Elcanodentes cretaceus gen. et sp. nov. is described based on the male holotype and a female paratype. Elcanodentes thanatos gen. et sp. nov. is reported from a partly preserved female specimen. The genus is characterised by a wing venation similar to Panorpidium Westwood, 1854, however, differs from the latter by featuring a pterostigma without cross veins, an anal forewing margin between CuA + CuPaα and MP making up 26–33% of the total wing length and the name giving small teeth along the lateral margins of the metatibial spurs. A proportionally much longer tegminal margin between CuA + CuPaα and MP of Burmese-amber Elcanidae compared with most Laurasian species suggests a descent from Gondwanan predecessors, such as Cratoelcana Martins-Neto, 1991. The diversity of ovipositors in the Elcanidae is discussed and three different morpho-types for this structure are suggested: sword-shaped, scythe-shaped and saber-shaped. Some previously described taxa of Burmese amber Elcanidae are taxonomically revised: Panorpidium maculosum Zhou et al., (Cretaceous Research 136, 2022) is moved to Pseudopanorpidium gen. nov. Probaisselcana oculata Hu and He, (Cretaceous Research 151, 2023) is moved to Pseudoprobaisselcana gen. nov. Hukawnelca gracile and Caelielca spinocrus both Uchida, (Cretaceous Research 131, 2022) are assigned to the Archelcaninae Gorochov et al., (Cretaceous Research 27:641–662, 2006).