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<p>This study investigates the role of mechanical stiffness in the bactericidal performance of nanopillar-structured polymer surfaces. Nanopillar arrays with identical geometry were fabricated using four different polymers (polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyurethane acrylate (PUA), and polylactic acid (PLA)) spanning a broad range of mechanical stiffness. Surface morphology analysis confirmed uniform nanopillar replication across all substrates, and FT-IR spectroscopy verified that the chemical composition of each material remained unchanged after fabrication. Mechanical characterization revealed significant differences in Young’s modulus and tensile strength among the polymers. SEM analysis showed that nanopillars of softer materials experienced substantial deformation during bacterial contact, whereas stiffer materials preserved initial configuration. These mechanical differences led to corresponding variations in antibacterial efficacy, as demonstrated by live/dead staining and colony-forming unit (CFU) assays. PLA, the stiffest material, exhibited the most effective bactericidal activity, while PDMS, the most flexible, showed the highest bacterial survivability. These findings confirm that material’s mechanical stiffness critically influences mechano-bactericidal function by modulating nanopillar deformation and stress transmission to bacterial membranes. The results provide a practical design guideline for the development of mechanically robust and antibacterial nanostructured surfaces for biomedical and hygienic applications.</p>

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Evaluation of Antibacterial Performance of Nanopillar Structures According to Mechanical Stiffness

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Min-Jun Jang,
  • Chae Wan Lim,
  • Young-Sam Cho,
  • Hyun-Ha Park

摘要

This study investigates the role of mechanical stiffness in the bactericidal performance of nanopillar-structured polymer surfaces. Nanopillar arrays with identical geometry were fabricated using four different polymers (polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyurethane acrylate (PUA), and polylactic acid (PLA)) spanning a broad range of mechanical stiffness. Surface morphology analysis confirmed uniform nanopillar replication across all substrates, and FT-IR spectroscopy verified that the chemical composition of each material remained unchanged after fabrication. Mechanical characterization revealed significant differences in Young’s modulus and tensile strength among the polymers. SEM analysis showed that nanopillars of softer materials experienced substantial deformation during bacterial contact, whereas stiffer materials preserved initial configuration. These mechanical differences led to corresponding variations in antibacterial efficacy, as demonstrated by live/dead staining and colony-forming unit (CFU) assays. PLA, the stiffest material, exhibited the most effective bactericidal activity, while PDMS, the most flexible, showed the highest bacterial survivability. These findings confirm that material’s mechanical stiffness critically influences mechano-bactericidal function by modulating nanopillar deformation and stress transmission to bacterial membranes. The results provide a practical design guideline for the development of mechanically robust and antibacterial nanostructured surfaces for biomedical and hygienic applications.