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<p>NiTi stents produced via selective laser melting (SLM) often exhibit inferior surface quality, requiring post-processing to meet clinical standards. In this study, we proposed electrochemical polishing (ECP) using an environmentally friendly NaCl-ethylene glycol (NaCl-EG) electrolyte to improve the surface quality of SLMed stents. The effects of electrolyte flow velocity on surface morphology, surface roughness and dimensional accuracy were investigated. The biocompatibility and mechanical properties of SLMed and ECPed stents were also compared. The results revealed that an optimal flow velocity of 0.06&#xa0;m/s yields a uniform surface morphology, lowering the surface roughness to 0.55&#xa0;μm. Excessively high flow velocity resulted in over-polishing, disrupting surface uniformity and reducing the strut thickness below the designed values of 200&#xa0;μm. Furthermore, ECPed stents exhibited a higher recovery ratio after the compression test. For immersion test, ECPed stents had better corrosion resistance with fewer corrosion products due to the formation of TiO<sub>2</sub> on the smooth surface. The Ni ion release rate was gradually decreased with immersion time and stabilized at 0.005&#xa0;µg·cm<sup>− 2</sup>·day<sup>− 1</sup> after 35 days, which decreased by 92% from that of SLMed stents. The ECPed stents exhibited fewer, rounder platelets than SLMed stents, indicating improved blood biocompatibility. Our study provides valuable insights into improving the surface quality of SLMed NiTi cardiovascular stents via ECP process.</p>

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Enhancing Surface Quality, Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of SLMed NiTi Cardiovascular Stents Through Electrochemical Polishing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Wei Zhang,
  • Zhiyong Li,
  • Mingxia Chai,
  • Congcong Yang

摘要

NiTi stents produced via selective laser melting (SLM) often exhibit inferior surface quality, requiring post-processing to meet clinical standards. In this study, we proposed electrochemical polishing (ECP) using an environmentally friendly NaCl-ethylene glycol (NaCl-EG) electrolyte to improve the surface quality of SLMed stents. The effects of electrolyte flow velocity on surface morphology, surface roughness and dimensional accuracy were investigated. The biocompatibility and mechanical properties of SLMed and ECPed stents were also compared. The results revealed that an optimal flow velocity of 0.06 m/s yields a uniform surface morphology, lowering the surface roughness to 0.55 μm. Excessively high flow velocity resulted in over-polishing, disrupting surface uniformity and reducing the strut thickness below the designed values of 200 μm. Furthermore, ECPed stents exhibited a higher recovery ratio after the compression test. For immersion test, ECPed stents had better corrosion resistance with fewer corrosion products due to the formation of TiO2 on the smooth surface. The Ni ion release rate was gradually decreased with immersion time and stabilized at 0.005 µg·cm− 2·day− 1 after 35 days, which decreased by 92% from that of SLMed stents. The ECPed stents exhibited fewer, rounder platelets than SLMed stents, indicating improved blood biocompatibility. Our study provides valuable insights into improving the surface quality of SLMed NiTi cardiovascular stents via ECP process.