<p>The relatively low creep resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys limits their application in high-temperature environments. Mg-Gd-based alloys, however, exhibit exceptional creep resistance, making them promising candidates for such applications. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in the characterization and optimization of Mg-Gd-based alloys, focusing on key factors influencing their creep resistance. Key strategies for improving creep resistance include precise composition optimization with rare-earth elements such as Y and Nd, combined with Zn, Ca, Mn, and Al elements to alter precipitation behavior and enhance thermal stability. Thermomechanical processing has emerged as a critical tool to further improve creep resistance by tailoring grain structure and precipitation states. Furthermore, the review highlights the integration of machine learning to predict and design creep-resistant alloys, enabling cost-effective and accelerated development pathways. The discussion extends to future perspectives in optimizing Mg-Gd-based alloys for diverse industrial applications. This work serves as a detailed guideline for researchers and engineers aiming to advance the field of high-temperature Mg alloy development.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>