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Background <p>Parental socioeconomic position (SEP) shapes adolescent health behaviors, which may contribute to adulthood socioeconomic outcomes. Clustering health behaviors into distinct health behavioral profiles helps broaden understanding of these associations. We examined whether (1) parental SEP, measured in early life and in adolescence, is related to adolescents’ health behavior profiles and (2) whether these profiles in adolescence are associated with own socioeconomic position in adulthood.</p> Method <p>The data comprised 5612 adolescents and their parents from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Health behaviors in adolescence were clustered into healthy and unhealthy health behavioral profiles. Parental SEP was measured at the child’s birth in 1986 using parental employment status, and in 2001 using parental education and household income. Own SEP in adulthood (education and employment status) was measured in 2017–2018. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine associations between health behaviors and SEP over time.</p> Results <p>Low parental education was associated with an unhealthy health behavioral profile in adolescence among girls (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63–3.78). Adolescents with unhealthy profiles were more likely to have lower educational attainment in adulthood (men: OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.52–3.93; women: OR 3.18; 95% CI 1.65, 6.15). Additionally, individuals with unhealthy profiles were more likely to have manual occupations (men: OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.40, 2.60; women: OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.67, 3.62) or be unemployed (men: OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.18, 2.35; women: OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.50, 2.94).</p> Conclusion <p>Providing early support may promote health equity by enabling adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds to engage in healthy behaviors and access higher education in adulthood.</p>

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Associations Between Parental Socioeconomic Position, Health Behavioral Profiles in Adolescence, and Socioeconomic Position in Adulthood: a 31-Year Follow-Up of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Heidi Ruotsalainen,
  • Jouko Miettunen,
  • Niko Männikkö,
  • Kaisa Marttila-Tornio,
  • Maria Kääriäinen,
  • Anni-Emilia Alakokkare,
  • Jaana I. Halonen,
  • Tea Lallukka

摘要

Background

Parental socioeconomic position (SEP) shapes adolescent health behaviors, which may contribute to adulthood socioeconomic outcomes. Clustering health behaviors into distinct health behavioral profiles helps broaden understanding of these associations. We examined whether (1) parental SEP, measured in early life and in adolescence, is related to adolescents’ health behavior profiles and (2) whether these profiles in adolescence are associated with own socioeconomic position in adulthood.

Method

The data comprised 5612 adolescents and their parents from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Health behaviors in adolescence were clustered into healthy and unhealthy health behavioral profiles. Parental SEP was measured at the child’s birth in 1986 using parental employment status, and in 2001 using parental education and household income. Own SEP in adulthood (education and employment status) was measured in 2017–2018. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine associations between health behaviors and SEP over time.

Results

Low parental education was associated with an unhealthy health behavioral profile in adolescence among girls (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63–3.78). Adolescents with unhealthy profiles were more likely to have lower educational attainment in adulthood (men: OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.52–3.93; women: OR 3.18; 95% CI 1.65, 6.15). Additionally, individuals with unhealthy profiles were more likely to have manual occupations (men: OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.40, 2.60; women: OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.67, 3.62) or be unemployed (men: OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.18, 2.35; women: OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.50, 2.94).

Conclusion

Providing early support may promote health equity by enabling adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds to engage in healthy behaviors and access higher education in adulthood.