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Background <p>Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a leading cause of disability; however, CNCP assessment is limited in those presenting with a primary sleep disorder. This study aimed to <i>(i)</i> measure the prevalence of CNCP in adults undergoing polysomnography (PSG) and <i>(ii)</i> assess the impact of CNCP on sleep architecture.</p> Method <p>Patients (<i>N</i> = 245, mean age 50&#xa0;years, 45.7% female) undertaking in-laboratory diagnostic PSG at a major public hospital in Australia completed validated questionnaires on sleepiness, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and pain. CNCP was determined by ≥ 75&#xa0;mm score on the Pain and Sleep three-item Questionnaire, or ‘Yes’ to item 1 on the Brief Pain Inventory. Comparisons between those with and without CNCP and correlations between pain interference and PSG parameters were performed.</p> Results <p>Most participants (59.6%) reported CNCP, with prevalence higher among females (72.3%). Participants with CNCP were older (48 vs 52&#xa0;years, <i>p</i> = 0.046) and had higher body mass index (34.2 vs 31.0, <i>p</i> = 0.003), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (8.7 vs 7.4, <i>p</i> = 0.035), anxiety (8.3 vs 5.7, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and depression (6.7 vs 3.8, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) scores. Pain interference was associated with higher apnoea hypopnea index and reduced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (%REM, prolonged REM latency, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Significant factors associated with increased pain interference in a hierarchical model were depression, REM latency, and anxiety.</p> Conclusion <p>Many people undertaking PSG in a hospital sleep service reported CNCP. Increased pain interference was associated with changes in sleep architecture and sleep-disordered breathing. PSG screening may unmask pain that impacts on sleep and has implications for treatment.</p>

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Understanding the Significance of Chronic Non-cancer Pain in Patients Undergoing Polysomnography and Identifying Predictors of Increased Pain Interference

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Lisa J. Fyfield,
  • Denise M. O’Driscoll,
  • Rowan P. Ogeil,
  • Alan C. Young

摘要

Background

Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a leading cause of disability; however, CNCP assessment is limited in those presenting with a primary sleep disorder. This study aimed to (i) measure the prevalence of CNCP in adults undergoing polysomnography (PSG) and (ii) assess the impact of CNCP on sleep architecture.

Method

Patients (N = 245, mean age 50 years, 45.7% female) undertaking in-laboratory diagnostic PSG at a major public hospital in Australia completed validated questionnaires on sleepiness, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and pain. CNCP was determined by ≥ 75 mm score on the Pain and Sleep three-item Questionnaire, or ‘Yes’ to item 1 on the Brief Pain Inventory. Comparisons between those with and without CNCP and correlations between pain interference and PSG parameters were performed.

Results

Most participants (59.6%) reported CNCP, with prevalence higher among females (72.3%). Participants with CNCP were older (48 vs 52 years, p = 0.046) and had higher body mass index (34.2 vs 31.0, p = 0.003), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (8.7 vs 7.4, p = 0.035), anxiety (8.3 vs 5.7, p < 0.001), and depression (6.7 vs 3.8, p < 0.001) scores. Pain interference was associated with higher apnoea hypopnea index and reduced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (%REM, prolonged REM latency, p < 0.05). Significant factors associated with increased pain interference in a hierarchical model were depression, REM latency, and anxiety.

Conclusion

Many people undertaking PSG in a hospital sleep service reported CNCP. Increased pain interference was associated with changes in sleep architecture and sleep-disordered breathing. PSG screening may unmask pain that impacts on sleep and has implications for treatment.