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<p>We, for the first time, report detection of Sal Heartwood Borer (SHB) (<i>Hoplocerambyx spinicornis</i>) infestation, its spatio-temporal dynamics, and impacts on sal forest biomass in North-West Himalayan foothills, India using very high resolution satellite data. The advanced infestation stages (red and grey) of SHB are spectrally differentiable in the visible and NIR channels, allowing their mapping with an accuracy of 84.2% using early winter WorldView-2 imagery. The green attack stage of SHB, however, remains indistinguishable The infestation hotspots of SHB are mainly located in the Doon Valley, Corbett National Park, and the Nandhaur, spanning over an area of 351&#xa0;km². During 2015–2022, SHB caused average annual loss of 1084 ± 340 trees, amounting to 1064 ± 437&#xa0;m³ of growing stock valued at Rs. 11.27 crore. The increasing trends of mortality of younger trees by SHB threatens the long-term carbon storage capacity of sal forests in the region. Field surveys of identified infested localities needs to be prioritised to ascertain actual state of SHB infestation amid the looming threat of a major outbreak. There is critical need to adopt satellite-based monitoring of SHB infestation severity and perform risk zonation to guide pest control and salvage logging measures.</p>

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Remote Sensing of Sal Heartwood Borer (Hoplocerambyx spinicornis) Infestation, Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Impact on Biomass Stock of Sal Forests of North-West Himalaya

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Hitendra Padalia,
  • Ishwari Datt Rai,
  • Raghavendra Pratap Singh

摘要

We, for the first time, report detection of Sal Heartwood Borer (SHB) (Hoplocerambyx spinicornis) infestation, its spatio-temporal dynamics, and impacts on sal forest biomass in North-West Himalayan foothills, India using very high resolution satellite data. The advanced infestation stages (red and grey) of SHB are spectrally differentiable in the visible and NIR channels, allowing their mapping with an accuracy of 84.2% using early winter WorldView-2 imagery. The green attack stage of SHB, however, remains indistinguishable The infestation hotspots of SHB are mainly located in the Doon Valley, Corbett National Park, and the Nandhaur, spanning over an area of 351 km². During 2015–2022, SHB caused average annual loss of 1084 ± 340 trees, amounting to 1064 ± 437 m³ of growing stock valued at Rs. 11.27 crore. The increasing trends of mortality of younger trees by SHB threatens the long-term carbon storage capacity of sal forests in the region. Field surveys of identified infested localities needs to be prioritised to ascertain actual state of SHB infestation amid the looming threat of a major outbreak. There is critical need to adopt satellite-based monitoring of SHB infestation severity and perform risk zonation to guide pest control and salvage logging measures.