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<p>A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the environmental drivers influencing the pattern of Indian Oil Sardine (IOS) aggregation events during 2023–2024 along the west coast of India, covering the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Goa (Malabar Coast). Expanding upon previous research, the present analysis incorporated spatio-temporal datasets to identify additional influences on IOS aggregation dynamics. The findings highlight the significant role of climate drivers, such as persistent marine heatwaves (MHWs) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, resulting in Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies, which might have constrained IOS movement. SST anomalies were observed across all events, with eight cases exceeding 29&#xa0;°C and one case surpassing 30&#xa0;°C, indicating thermal conditions that exceed the optimal range for IOS (26–29&#xa0;°C). Such elevated temperatures likely induce physiological stress, disrupt metabolic processes, and alter migration behaviour, potentially contributing to beach stranding events. While the peripheral waters remained dominated by relatively warmer SST anomalies, localized factors such as increased chlorophyll-<i>a</i> concentration, marginal lower SST in nearshore waters due to rainfall, and subsurface upwelling might have provided a temporary refuge for IOS near the coast. Additionally, the reversal from El Niño to La Niña conditions led to intensified oceanic processes, resulting in an increased IOS abundance in the Malabar coastal region. Prevailing ocean currents and wind patterns, which were either directed towards or aligned parallel to the coast, may have further facilitated IOS movement towards the shoreline. The study highlights the emergence of climatic variability and chlorophyll-<i>a</i> concentration as critical determinants, complementing previously established factors such as SST, ocean currents, and wind patterns.</p>

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Probing Indian Oil Sardine Aggregation Events Along the West Coast of India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Bhagyashree Dash,
  • Dhanya M. Lal,
  • Sanjiba Kumar Baliarsingh,
  • Alakes Samanta,
  • Sudheer Joseph,
  • T. M. Balakrishnan Nair

摘要

A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the environmental drivers influencing the pattern of Indian Oil Sardine (IOS) aggregation events during 2023–2024 along the west coast of India, covering the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Goa (Malabar Coast). Expanding upon previous research, the present analysis incorporated spatio-temporal datasets to identify additional influences on IOS aggregation dynamics. The findings highlight the significant role of climate drivers, such as persistent marine heatwaves (MHWs) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, resulting in Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies, which might have constrained IOS movement. SST anomalies were observed across all events, with eight cases exceeding 29 °C and one case surpassing 30 °C, indicating thermal conditions that exceed the optimal range for IOS (26–29 °C). Such elevated temperatures likely induce physiological stress, disrupt metabolic processes, and alter migration behaviour, potentially contributing to beach stranding events. While the peripheral waters remained dominated by relatively warmer SST anomalies, localized factors such as increased chlorophyll-a concentration, marginal lower SST in nearshore waters due to rainfall, and subsurface upwelling might have provided a temporary refuge for IOS near the coast. Additionally, the reversal from El Niño to La Niña conditions led to intensified oceanic processes, resulting in an increased IOS abundance in the Malabar coastal region. Prevailing ocean currents and wind patterns, which were either directed towards or aligned parallel to the coast, may have further facilitated IOS movement towards the shoreline. The study highlights the emergence of climatic variability and chlorophyll-a concentration as critical determinants, complementing previously established factors such as SST, ocean currents, and wind patterns.