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<p>The accurate detection and monitoring of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) are crucial for understanding the aquatic ecosystems. This study evaluates the performance of the Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM-3) sensor onboard the EOS-06 satellite for CDOM detection in the Eastern Arabian Sea (EAS) during the winter season, across 63 stations in the South Eastern (SEAS), Central Eastern (CEAS) and North Eastern (NEAS) regions. Distinct variations in the spatial distribution of a<sub>CDOM(440)</sub> were observed, with SEAS values ranging from 0.04–0.08&#xa0;m<sup>−1</sup>, CEAS from 0.04–0.10&#xa0;m<sup>−1</sup>, and NEAS from 0.07–0.20&#xa0;m<sup>−1</sup>, the highest attributed to convective mixing and sediment resuspension. Multiple algorithms were assessed for radiometer and OCM-3 Remote Sensing Reflectance (R<sub>rs</sub>) retrievals, utilizing root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson correlation and coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) to identify the optical models. Of the 63 stations, 45 showed a significant correlation between OCM-3 and in situ data. The OCM-3 retrieved a<sub>CDOM(440)</sub> values ranged from 0.02 to 0.17&#xa0;m⁻<sup>1</sup> and correlated moderately (r = 0.60) with in situ a<sub>CDOM(440),</sub> whereas radiometer data showed a stronger correlation (r = 0.77). Comparison with, MODIS-Aqua, Sentinel-3B, and VIIRS confirmed OCM-3 superior performance, with minimal bias, moderate correlation (r = 0.60), and low RMSE. Although the radiometer data performed better in correlation, OCM-3 still showed reasonable accuracy for regional CDOM monitoring. These findings highlights OCM-3’s potential for enhancing CDOM retrieval in the EAS. This study is among the first to validate and compare OCM-3 retrieved CDOM with radiometer and in situ observations, serving as a preliminary step toward the development of specific regional algorithms for OCM-3 in future studies to improve satellite data accuracy.</p>

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Validation and Performance Evaluation of the OCM-3 Sensor for CDOM Detection in Coastal Waters of the Eastern Arabian Sea During the Winter Monsoon

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Nagarajan Manimozhi,
  • Murugan Vennila,
  • Ranjit Kumar Sarangi,
  • Anu Gopinath,
  • Sambit Singh,
  • P. Minu

摘要

The accurate detection and monitoring of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) are crucial for understanding the aquatic ecosystems. This study evaluates the performance of the Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM-3) sensor onboard the EOS-06 satellite for CDOM detection in the Eastern Arabian Sea (EAS) during the winter season, across 63 stations in the South Eastern (SEAS), Central Eastern (CEAS) and North Eastern (NEAS) regions. Distinct variations in the spatial distribution of aCDOM(440) were observed, with SEAS values ranging from 0.04–0.08 m−1, CEAS from 0.04–0.10 m−1, and NEAS from 0.07–0.20 m−1, the highest attributed to convective mixing and sediment resuspension. Multiple algorithms were assessed for radiometer and OCM-3 Remote Sensing Reflectance (Rrs) retrievals, utilizing root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson correlation and coefficient of determination (R2) to identify the optical models. Of the 63 stations, 45 showed a significant correlation between OCM-3 and in situ data. The OCM-3 retrieved aCDOM(440) values ranged from 0.02 to 0.17 m⁻1 and correlated moderately (r = 0.60) with in situ aCDOM(440), whereas radiometer data showed a stronger correlation (r = 0.77). Comparison with, MODIS-Aqua, Sentinel-3B, and VIIRS confirmed OCM-3 superior performance, with minimal bias, moderate correlation (r = 0.60), and low RMSE. Although the radiometer data performed better in correlation, OCM-3 still showed reasonable accuracy for regional CDOM monitoring. These findings highlights OCM-3’s potential for enhancing CDOM retrieval in the EAS. This study is among the first to validate and compare OCM-3 retrieved CDOM with radiometer and in situ observations, serving as a preliminary step toward the development of specific regional algorithms for OCM-3 in future studies to improve satellite data accuracy.