<p>In this study, Spatio-temporal variations in Vegetation Health (VH) as a function of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Red Edge Index (NDRE) and Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index (CCCI) were examined using measurements from Sentinel-2 images during the period 2018–2022 over the rural, urban, industrial, and highway setups in Sonipat district of Haryana, along with the study of air pollutants and meteorological parameters. This has been further extended to break analysis for the assessment of COVID-19 dependent changes on VH using long-term Sentinel-2 (April 2018–2022) and MODIS (2001–2022) NDVI time-series. Chow-test and Break for Additive Seasonal and Trend was used for this. Result revealed a significant (<i>p</i> = 0.00) difference (through ‘student t-test’) in the NDVI, NDRE and CCCI between the year 2020 and other years taken. The average NDVI values for rural (<i>n</i> = 57), urban (<i>n</i> = 108), industrial (<i>n</i> = 82), and highway (<i>n</i> = 77) setups were 0.22 ± 0.06, 0.23 ± 0.02, 0.23 ± 0.05, 0.21 ± 0.04 in non-COVID-19&#xa0;year (i.e. 2018, 2019, 2021, and 2022) and 0.40 ± 0.12, 0.52 ± 0.07, 0.50 ± 0.09, 0.51 ± 0.06 for COVID-19&#xa0;year (i.e. 2020) which shows a total of 28%, 47%, 49%, and 86% increase respectively due to lockdown. Results from break analysis of the&#xa0;NDVI time-series have also shown the break during the COVID-19 period (i.e. March–April, 2020) with variable magnitude in various environmental setups again indicating the effect of lockdown on VH. Furthermore, the concentration of PM2.5, PM10, SO₂ and O₃ were decreased. The study provides a cost-effective solution for the retrieval of information on VH and its governing factors over a large spatial scale.</p>