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<p>Bronze artifacts have served as important carriers of ancient societal development. As a strategically significant frontier region during the Han dynasty, Lingnan has yielded a substantial number of Han-period bronze objects, providing crucial material evidence for studying bronze technology and resource circulation in the area. This study employed metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) to analyze 20 Han dynasty bronze artifacts excavated from Lingnan Region. The results indicate that the bronzes are primarily leaded tin bronzes cast into shape, with two exceptions being tin bronzes manufactured using hot forging and quenching processes. Lead isotope analysis reveals that the Han-period Lingnan region had diversified sources of metal raw materials: Yunnan served as the main supplier of lead, while copper was sourced from the middle and lower Yangtze River mining districts. While integrated into the nationwide metal resource circulation network, Lingnan also maintained its own cross-regional and multi-level exchange system.</p>

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Bronze technology and metal resource circulation during the Han dynasty in the Lingnan Region

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Mian Wu,
  • Linhui Gong,
  • Guofeng Wei,
  • Xiaoping Wu

摘要

Bronze artifacts have served as important carriers of ancient societal development. As a strategically significant frontier region during the Han dynasty, Lingnan has yielded a substantial number of Han-period bronze objects, providing crucial material evidence for studying bronze technology and resource circulation in the area. This study employed metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) to analyze 20 Han dynasty bronze artifacts excavated from Lingnan Region. The results indicate that the bronzes are primarily leaded tin bronzes cast into shape, with two exceptions being tin bronzes manufactured using hot forging and quenching processes. Lead isotope analysis reveals that the Han-period Lingnan region had diversified sources of metal raw materials: Yunnan served as the main supplier of lead, while copper was sourced from the middle and lower Yangtze River mining districts. While integrated into the nationwide metal resource circulation network, Lingnan also maintained its own cross-regional and multi-level exchange system.