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<p>Zooarchaeological analyses were performed to assess the role of <i>Sus</i> (i.e., boar and pig) in the subsistence economy of two representative castles, Nakijin Castle and Shuri Castle (15th to 19th centuries) on Okinawa Island, Japan. Geometric morphometric analysis revealed that archaeological assemblages of the two sites were a mixture of several lineages including modern wild boar and native domestic pigs. Specifically, the wild lineage was still a significant source of meat at Nakijin Castle even after the introduction of domestic breeds to the island in the 14th century. Conversely, domestic breeds were consumed more frequently at Shuri Castle. Dental microwear texture analysis also revealed that foraging ecologies of <i>Sus</i> at Nakijin Castle and modern domestic breeds fed by crops were significantly different. Significant differences were also detected between <i>Sus</i> at Shuri Castle and both wild lineage and stall-fed domestic pigs, which suggests that they were more likely to be maintained under a free-ranging husbandry system. The proportion of foraged individuals among the assemblages could be explained by differences in accessibility to wild resources, rather than in husbandry management techniques between the castles. The existence of wild lineage in the two representative castles suggests that hunting of pigs played an important role even after a hierarchical society was established on Okinawa Island.</p>

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Husbandry system of Sus on Okinawa Island, Japan, after introduction of domestic breeds

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Eisuke Yamada,
  • Yuki Muranishi,
  • Sangwoo Kim,
  • Tatsuki Okazaki,
  • Hideki Endo

摘要

Zooarchaeological analyses were performed to assess the role of Sus (i.e., boar and pig) in the subsistence economy of two representative castles, Nakijin Castle and Shuri Castle (15th to 19th centuries) on Okinawa Island, Japan. Geometric morphometric analysis revealed that archaeological assemblages of the two sites were a mixture of several lineages including modern wild boar and native domestic pigs. Specifically, the wild lineage was still a significant source of meat at Nakijin Castle even after the introduction of domestic breeds to the island in the 14th century. Conversely, domestic breeds were consumed more frequently at Shuri Castle. Dental microwear texture analysis also revealed that foraging ecologies of Sus at Nakijin Castle and modern domestic breeds fed by crops were significantly different. Significant differences were also detected between Sus at Shuri Castle and both wild lineage and stall-fed domestic pigs, which suggests that they were more likely to be maintained under a free-ranging husbandry system. The proportion of foraged individuals among the assemblages could be explained by differences in accessibility to wild resources, rather than in husbandry management techniques between the castles. The existence of wild lineage in the two representative castles suggests that hunting of pigs played an important role even after a hierarchical society was established on Okinawa Island.