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<p>The discovery of Gold -and Silver-Inlaid Iron Sticks unearthed from the Tomb No. 2 at Tushan in Xuzhou, provides invaluable historical material for the study of the development of manufacturing techniques for Gold- and Silver-Inlaid Iron Objects during the Eastern Han Dynasty. They are of considerable historical and artistic value. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the decorative features, material and manufacturing techniques of the Gold- and Silver-Inlaid Iron Sticks was conducted using a range of methods, including X-ray imaging, Three-Dimensional X-ray Imaging, super depth of field microscope, metallographic analysis, and SEM-EDS. The study delineated that the Gold -and Silver-Inlaid Iron Stick is approximately 25.5&#xa0;cm long and 0.4&#xa0;cm in diameter, with cloud patterns and geometric patterns on surface. The primary material of the iron sticks is carbon steel, and has undergone casting and annealing processes. The grooves are created using both casting and engraving techniques. The gold-inlaid wires have a high purity, with gold ranging from 81 to 87%, and silver present as an impurity. The silver-inlaid wires have a purity of 97–99%. The gold-inlaid parts were produced using the twisting method. This study has conducted a detailed restoration of the morphology and layout of the gold and silver decorations on the surface of the artifact, providing key evidence for the discussion of its specific function, and offering an important reference for the study of the decoration and craftsmanship of Gold- and Silver-Inlaid Iron Objects during the Eastern Han Dynasty.</p>

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A study on the form and techniques of gold - and silver-inlaid iron sticks unearthed from the tomb No. 2 at Tushan, Xuzhou

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Siyu Zhang,
  • Xiaowei Zhao,
  • Jianjun Geng,
  • Jiayi Li,
  • Xin Tian,
  • Xing Zhao

摘要

The discovery of Gold -and Silver-Inlaid Iron Sticks unearthed from the Tomb No. 2 at Tushan in Xuzhou, provides invaluable historical material for the study of the development of manufacturing techniques for Gold- and Silver-Inlaid Iron Objects during the Eastern Han Dynasty. They are of considerable historical and artistic value. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the decorative features, material and manufacturing techniques of the Gold- and Silver-Inlaid Iron Sticks was conducted using a range of methods, including X-ray imaging, Three-Dimensional X-ray Imaging, super depth of field microscope, metallographic analysis, and SEM-EDS. The study delineated that the Gold -and Silver-Inlaid Iron Stick is approximately 25.5 cm long and 0.4 cm in diameter, with cloud patterns and geometric patterns on surface. The primary material of the iron sticks is carbon steel, and has undergone casting and annealing processes. The grooves are created using both casting and engraving techniques. The gold-inlaid wires have a high purity, with gold ranging from 81 to 87%, and silver present as an impurity. The silver-inlaid wires have a purity of 97–99%. The gold-inlaid parts were produced using the twisting method. This study has conducted a detailed restoration of the morphology and layout of the gold and silver decorations on the surface of the artifact, providing key evidence for the discussion of its specific function, and offering an important reference for the study of the decoration and craftsmanship of Gold- and Silver-Inlaid Iron Objects during the Eastern Han Dynasty.