<p>Soil and Street dust (SD) of Guwahati city were studied for 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The PAHs concentrations, spatial distribution, seasonal variation, and PAHs profiles of soil and SD have been examined. The highest concentrations of ΣPAHs in soil and SD sample were observed at the industrial site, with means of 24,137 ± 5000 ng g^− 1 and 24944.9 ± 21,036 ng g^− 1, respectively. Seasonal variation was observed in PAHs concentrations and the post-monsoon period exhibited the maximum concentration, ranging from 1271.4 ng g^− 1 to 51299.7 ng g^− 1, which was followed by the pre-monsoon and monsoon periods. The Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) concentration ranged from below detection limit (BDL) to 322.41 ng g^− 1 in soil and from BDL to 273.78 ng g^− 1 in SD. The maximum BaP concentration was found at the industrial site during pre-monsoon. The 2-ring PAHs dominated the profiles of soil and SD accounting for 60% and 58% of the total contribution, respectively. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) supported that PAHs in soil and in SD had similar means, which could infer that the sources of PAHs were similar in terms of strength and types of sources. The calculated Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) showed seasonal variation of PAHs in both SD and soil. Carcinogenic risks of PAHs were higher during monsoon and pre-monsoon periods and ingestion and dermal contact were the significant pathways for intake in children and adult, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation results indicated that the exposure risk of PAHs in SD at the 75th percentile was 2.5 times higher than the permissible limit for both adult and children, but relatively lower risk was observed in the soil-bound PAHs.</p>