The Human Biomonitoring Project of the Valencian Region, Spain (BIOMOVAL): Study Design, Sampling, Fieldwork Results and Lessons Learned
摘要
Human biomonitoring (HBM) studies the concentration of chemical contaminants in human samples (urine, blood, hair, etc.), considering all potential routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact). The BIOMOVAL project (2021–2024) is presented in detail as the first representative HBM study of the working adult population (18–65 years old) in the Valencian Region (Spain). A total of 548 participants provided first-morning urine, blood and serum samples to determine biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, bisphenols, parabens, dioxins, acrylamide, pesticides and phthalates, among other chemical contaminants. All participants filled in an ‘Exposure Questionnaire’ comprising information about their socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle and dietary habits. This manuscript describes the study design and implementation, summarizes pre-analytical results, and discusses lessons learned, providing a methodological framework and a valuable resource for guiding future HBM studies.