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<p>DNAJ E1 proteins constitute a structurally distinct subgroup of DNAJ-related proteins that retain DnaJ-like zinc-finger motifs but lack the J-domain required for canonical HSP70 co-chaperone activity. By classifying plant DNAJ and DNAJ-related proteins according to domain composition and surveying their subcellular localization, we reveal a strong enrichment of E1-type proteins in chloroplast localization. Across plant species, DNAJ E1 proteins have been implicated in plastid development, chloroplast function, photosynthetic pigment regulation, stress adaptation, and reproductive output, collectively underpinning plant survival. Sequence and structural predictions indicate that rice homologs retain conserved CxxC-containing motifs shared with functionally characterized Arabidopsis DNAJ E1 proteins. Rice expression profiles further support this framework by showing green tissue-enriched and stress-responsive expression patterns together with seed-associated expression of several homologs. By integrating comparative functional studies, conserved structural features, and rice expression profiles, we propose a stage- and trait-centered framework for interpreting DNAJ E1 function in rice. This perspective highlights DNAJ E1 proteins as promising genetic resources for investigating plastid biogenesis, chloroplast maintenance, stress responsiveness, and developmental performance in cereal crops.</p>

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Rice DNAJ E1 Proteins in Plastids: Insights from Plant DNAJ Chaperone Studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Tae Gyu Yi,
  • Heebak Choi,
  • Sangyun Kim,
  • Sun-Hwa Ha

摘要

DNAJ E1 proteins constitute a structurally distinct subgroup of DNAJ-related proteins that retain DnaJ-like zinc-finger motifs but lack the J-domain required for canonical HSP70 co-chaperone activity. By classifying plant DNAJ and DNAJ-related proteins according to domain composition and surveying their subcellular localization, we reveal a strong enrichment of E1-type proteins in chloroplast localization. Across plant species, DNAJ E1 proteins have been implicated in plastid development, chloroplast function, photosynthetic pigment regulation, stress adaptation, and reproductive output, collectively underpinning plant survival. Sequence and structural predictions indicate that rice homologs retain conserved CxxC-containing motifs shared with functionally characterized Arabidopsis DNAJ E1 proteins. Rice expression profiles further support this framework by showing green tissue-enriched and stress-responsive expression patterns together with seed-associated expression of several homologs. By integrating comparative functional studies, conserved structural features, and rice expression profiles, we propose a stage- and trait-centered framework for interpreting DNAJ E1 function in rice. This perspective highlights DNAJ E1 proteins as promising genetic resources for investigating plastid biogenesis, chloroplast maintenance, stress responsiveness, and developmental performance in cereal crops.