Geoheritage, Geotourism, and Geodiversity of the El Menzel Causse (Middle Atlas Mountains, Morocco)
摘要
This work presents an in-depth analysis of a number of geosites in the El Menzel Causse, located in the northern Middle Atlas, detailing their geological, geomorphological, tectonic, hydrological, and ecological diversity. The study methods include a rigorous collection of geomorphological, stratigraphic, tectonic, and mineralogical data, along with several field missions. The results reveal a rich lithological diversity with outcrops ranging from the Lower Ordovician to the Quaternary, each offering a unique perspective on the geological evolution of the region. The tectonic analyses demonstrate that the region is highly structured, influenced by major faults such as the Median Middle Atlas Fault and the Northern Middle Atlas Fault, contributing to the formation of distinct reliefs and large karst depressions. The study also highlights the floral and faunal biodiversity of the Causse of El Menzel, while underscoring the growing threats posed by human activities and climate change. The presence of species such as holm oak, mastic tree, oleander, and olive tree illustrates the region's rich floristic diversity, while the fauna is particularly abundant in the Royal Ghomra Reserve and around the Allal El Fassi Dam. The article emphasizes the importance of valuing the geological heritage of the Causse of El Menzel, not only for its scientific and aesthetic value but also for its potential to contribute to local socio-economic development, particularly through geotourism.